Kingdoms of Living Things. Bacteria Prokaryotes Unicellular Autotrophic or heterotrophic 2 Domains of bacteria.

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Presentation transcript:

Kingdoms of Living Things

Bacteria Prokaryotes Unicellular Autotrophic or heterotrophic 2 Domains of bacteria

*Domain Archaea Kingdom Archaebacteria—live in harsh places, such as geysers, glaciers, undersea volcanoes

*Domain Bacteria Kingdom Eubacteria—live almost everywhere else (ubiquitous) -Can be symbiotic—live in/with another organism -Most are very helpful!

Some are pathogenic—cause disease. Strep bacteria Staph bacteria

3 Common bacterial shapes:  Spherical—called coccus  Rod-shaped—called bacillus  Spiral-shaped—called spirillum

Spherical Bacteria

Rod-shaped Bacteria

Spiral Bacteria

Bacterial Reproduction Binary fission— asexual method similar to mitosis

Conjugation— “sexual” method; swapping of DNA through a sex pilus

Domain Eukarya All eukaryotes

Kingdom Protista/Protists Eukaryotes Autotrophic or heterotrophic Mostly unicellular Live in aquatic or moist places Can be animal- like, plant-like, or fungus-like

Paramecium

Euglena

Amoeba

Most protists are free-living, but some are parasites, causing such diseases as malaria and Giardia.

Protist Reproduction Binary or Multiple Fission—asexual Fragmentation—asexual—part of an individual breaks off and becomes a new individual Budding—asexual—a growth falls off and becomes a new individual Sexual methods: conjugation, sex cell formation

Kingdom Fungi Eukaryotes Heterotrophic Mostly multicellular Live in moist, dark places

Fungi: Decompose food by extracellular digestion—digest food around them, then absorb it Decomposers are also called saprophytes or saprobes.

Fungi have cell walls made of chitin. Fungi examples include: yeast (budding)

mushrooms morels

bracket fungi puffballs

A few fungi can be parasitic, such as the one that causes ringworm.

Fungi Reproduction Budding—in yeast—asexual Fragmentation—asexual Spores—asexual Sexual—two types of hyphae (+ and – ) fuse

Use Plant PP and Animal PP INSTEAD of the following slides!!

Plants Eukaryotes Autotrophic Multicellular Stationary Have organs and systems

2 Main groups of plants: 1. Nonvascular—no transport system 2. Vascular—have transport systems

Plant examples: moss ferns

trees (spruce) flowering plants

Animals Eukaryotes Heterotrophic Multicellular Can move on their own Have complex organs and systems

2 Main Groups of Animals: 1. Invertebrates—no backbone There are many invertebrate phyla. 2. Vertebrates—have a backbone Vertebrates are classified into Phylum Chordata.

Animal examples: earthworms elephants

sponges killer whales