DEPARTMENT OF LAND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT  Waste Stabilization Ponds – 56 communities, Darwin (+CAS), Palmerston, Katherine, Tennant Creek, Alice Springs and townships  Darwin (North Lakes) – 2ML/day irrigation water to sporting ovals and golf course (heavily subsidised)  Darwin (Ludmilla WWTP) – 4ML/day process water  Alice Springs – 6ML/day (with expansion options) for major urban customers combined excess to MAR via soil aquifer treatment Year Current status of recycling 1

DEPARTMENT OF LAND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Alice Springs Re-use DAF, Disinfection & Filtration

DEPARTMENT OF LAND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT  Remote communities – 25% WSP sites to incorporate % recycling to: Reduce treated wastewater discharged to the environment Provide a water source to support Indigenous economic development Reduce dependence on groundwater supplies, improve sustainability of communities and water availability for amenity  Alice Springs, potential to duplicate current treatment plant and increase re-use water for irrigation to additional major sporting facilities and open space. Driver – sustainability of potable water source – and environmental benefits through reduced effluent discharge to the environment  Darwin - major recycling plant providing irrigation water to community facilities throughout Northern Suburbs. Driver - regulatory requirements to meet substantially higher discharge criteria in receiving environment (marine estuary)  Palmerston WSP effluent for Industrial purposes. Driver - close to Industrial Estate Year 2030 – Vision & Drivers 3

DEPARTMENT OF LAND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT  General Policy – no defined policy, guiding principles and framework for efficient use of water Pricing – environment benefits of re-use are not costed and the value of re-use water is understated. Technology – limited proven low cost technological solutions to achieve fit for purpose re-use water in tropical conditions Environmental and health regulation – inconsistent approaches to regulation, differing standards and application and significant bureaucracy  Remote communities Limited skills availability / technical support Complex sampling and compliance monitoring logistics and associated high costs Accurately quantifying and controlling health risks in remote locations with limited direct supervision Significant Gaps, Barriers and Hurdles 4

DEPARTMENT OF LAND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT  National consistency National regulatory guidelines and framework for recycled water  What would represent a likely staged process for getting there Improved collaboration between Environmental and Health regulators Validation framework for treatment technologies Improved understanding of pond hydraulics and operation with novel analysis techniques to investigate pond biology, function and health (Note – Power and Water Corporation) is working with Griffith University, Charles Darwin University (and other partners) to improve understanding of pond treatment mechanisms. This aims to improve the treated wastewater quality available for reuse, using existing infrastructure, without expensive post-treatment polishing National Consistency and Pathway 5