Welcome to Effective Writing 1- CM 107 Unit 4: Seminar  You should be hearing music. If you don’t, please check your audio.  Feel free to chat until the music stops near the top of the hour.

Unit 4 Seminar: APA, Paraphrasing, and Quoting This week we will discuss APA, why we use it, and how to use it correctly.

Unit 4 Work We’ve got a lot of reading this week, the news article on Stephen Glass is 7 pages long, and then chapters 11 and 12 in the text book as well!

Unit 4 Work After we’ve read about Glass we’ll be discussing it on the discussion board (no project this week!) There are three questions to answer, and I’ll need you to get into depth there. Also, my suggestion is to use what we’re learning about APA in this seminar to include some quotes from the reading to back up your answers!

Unit 4 Work The three questions are: 1.If you had to choose one factor that influenced Glass’s behavior at The New Republic, what would you pick? Explain why this is the straw that broke his honesty. 2.How could these loopholes have been avoided completely if editors had been more careful with Glass’s work? How much responsibility do you think falls on the editors? 3.Do you think The New Republic will ever regain its reputation? Why or why not? Remember, use quotes to support a few of these answers!

What is APA style? A standard, agreed upon way of formatting an academic paper and documenting sources. An expectation of academic writers and of professionals in certain fields. A way to ensure you are trusted by your peers and superiors

What does APA stand for? American Psychological Association Other forms of formatting are things like MLA, Chicago Book style, and others. The goal is the same: help the reader track the research you’ve done.

What is the purpose of using and documenting sources? Sources are the ways writers obtain additional information for their papers. Sources may be primary: The writer becomes the researcher (e.g., observations, interviews, surveys, personal experience) The writer uses ‘raw data’ (e.g., the U.S. Census) that hasn’t been interpreted by others Sources may be secondary: Scholarly books, peer-reviewed articles, etc. Sources are part of the ongoing dialog within a field of study that will include you. Why document sources? Credit should be given for our work. ‘Intellectual property’ must not be stolen. Writers will be more credible in the view of their audience. [We want that in an academic or job-related context when faculty, supervisors, clients, etc. are evaluating our work, right?]

What’s in it for me? An opinion can’t be wrong, right? Doesn’t my professor/boss/co- worker/client, etc. want to hear what I think? Who’s going to care if I have the citations and references included? Isn’t this just another one of those “English teacher” things? I’m tempted to just not do it. I can’t get marked down outside of a Composition class, right?

What is plagiarism? What is plagiarism and how can it be avoided? Styles of citation- APA, MLA, ASA, AMA. We typically use APA at Kaplan University. Using a good reference for citation.

Begin with the References page:

Why is citation required in two places? Citation is required in two places– as in- text citation and references page citation. Trust, trust, trust! In-text citations are there to show which information precisely came from which source Reference page citations are there to track down the source

Reference Page Citations Remember to use all information available to you in order to come up with good solid APA formatted citations. DO NOT TRUST AUTOMATIC CITATION TOOLS!!!!!

Reference Page: Info The items you include on the reference page are the things that a reader would need to track your source down for themselves. Basically, author’s name, date of publication, article title (or page title), periodical information (or site info), and database name (or URL for a website)

Reference page info: Book For instance, the general template to use for a book would be this: Author’s last name, first initials. (Year of publication). Title of Book. City of publication: Publisher name. Note the indent! You will indent the line when it overflows the first line, not at the publication word. Example: Froyd, S. (2007). Inanis the Hooded. Charleston: Createspace.

Reference Page: Book Now you try it! How could we format this info? Author is Bob Smith. Book title is APA Formatting Published by Norton in New York. Date was Author’s last name, first initials. (Year of publication). Title of Book. City of publication: Publisher name.

Reference Page: Database Author’s last name, first initials. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Periodical vol#(Issue #) page #’s. Retrieved on date from Database name Example: Whitman, D., Cohen, W., Tangley, L., & Petit, C.W. (1999). The twister from hell. U.S. News & World Report 126(19) 16. Retrieved on May 11, 2011 from EBSCOhost. If you have several authors, list them in the order they’re in on the paper. Note the italics and the capitalization.

Reference page: Website Author’s last name, first initial. (Date). Page title. Site title. Retrieved on date from URL. If you don’t have the author’s last name, bump everything (except the date) over! Page title. (Date). Site title. Retrieved on date from URL. For example: Isaacs, E. (2011 June 6). U.S. can break addiction to imported oil. CNN.com. Retrieved on June 7, 2011 from diction/index.html?hpt=op_t1

Reference page: Websites If we didn’t have an author, we’d set it up like this: U.S. can break addiction to imported oil. (2011 June 6). CNN.com. Retrieved on June 7, 2011 from diction/index.html?hpt=op_t1 Can you find some sites on the internet that you can try the citations out on? We’ve got some time, I’d like to see you try!

How are sources integrated into the paper? Introduce the source to your audience with an attributive tag the first time it is used: According to Sean Froyd (2009, November 14) an instructor at Kaplan University, “alcohol consumption in the myths was almost always tied in with ritualistic behavior; a set pattern of acting that didn’t vary, and when social behavior varied from the norm (such as in the Lokasenna and in The Odyssey’s Cyclops episode), the results were not pleasant.” In your paper, Use a mixture of paraphrases, summaries, and direct quotations. Use quotations sparingly and be sure to indicate them with “quotation marks” and page/paragraph numbers (if available). Be sure to make it a smooth transition into and out of the source information.

Use the References page to form the in-text citations: In-text citations always use what comes first on the References page entries This is always a name or the first 2-3 words of a title Add the copyright date and page/paragraph number if it is a direct quotation In-text citations are never URLs Make sure that all in-text citations have a complete listing on the References page; make sure that all References page listings have in-text citations Never cite yourself; you’re the author

There are a couple ways to cite in- text The first way is to introduce the quote According to Sean Froyd (2009, November 14) an instructor at Kaplan University, “alcohol consumption in the myths was almost always tied in with ritualistic behavior; a set pattern of acting that didn’t vary, and when social behavior varied from the norm (such as in the Lokasenna and in The Odyssey’s Cyclops episode), the results were not pleasant.” The second way is to have it in parenthetical citations (usually when you paraphrase) It’s been noted that in myths about drinking there are ritualistic actions that make use of alcohol (Froyd, 2009 November 14).

Citing in-text Remember that regardless if you paraphrase (more on this in a bit) or quote, you need to include in text citations! Say this was a reference page citation, how might we cite this in-text? Zeman, E.M. (2010, November 23). Review: LG Quantum. PhoneScoop.com. Retrieved on May 20, 2011 from Let’s say the quote for this is “The LG Quantum is one of the few Windows Phone 7 devices to have a physical keyboard”

Citing In-text Motorola Atrix 4G rating. (2011, February 10). CNET.com. Retrieved on May 21, 2011 from 0.html?query=Motorola+atrix+review&tag=src h&searchtype=products Let’s say the quote here is “The Android 2.2 smartphone has a sleek design and a 5-megapixel camera, a front-facing camera for video calls, and an HDMI port.” How might we cite this entry in-text?

Paraphrasing, summarizing, and direct quotation? What are paraphrasing and summarizing and why are they necessary? What is the correct way to paraphrase and summarize? Why should we use more paraphrasing and summarizing than direct quotes in our papers? When should we use direct quotation? How much of our paper should be directly quoted? Let us get some practice paraphrasing.

Paraphrase Practice Remember we need to change the major words and the sentence structure! “But oil producers should not assume that Americans will lose interest in alternative energy sources if gas prices come down” (Isaacs, 2011 June 6). How could we paraphrase this?

Unit 5 Work Reading: There are two articles you need to read: "Million Dollar Murray" by Malcolm Gladwell This is in the library, more on this in a bit. And Liz Murray’s life and struggles found at these two sites:

Unit 5 Work: Discussion Board You’re going to basically compare and contrast the two Murrays. Think about the distinct points of view in these two articles. Both Murrays face the same problem, but their perspectives are worlds apart. Consider this: how would Liz Murray define homelessness versus Murray Barr’s definition of homelessness? What can you identify that made their seemingly similar paths diverge? Support your ideas with references back to reading materials and video to back up your claims.

Unit 5 Discussion Board Remember to use good in-text citations with your quotes! If you run into problems, review the last seminar, the Quick APA reference guide in the course, or me and your other instructors! Unlike unit 4, this is required this time around. Don’t forget that!

Using the Library These are the steps to take to get into the library and find that first article. First, go to the KU Campus homepage In the Drop down under ‘My Studies’ Click the library link.

Using the Library On the library page, there’s a search box in the center. Type in Million Dollar Murray there. Select “Title” from the drop down menu, and click search. It should be the second article listed on that results page!

Any questions, comments concerns and/or angry rants?