Supervise Compliance with Preventive Medicine Measures (PMM) 1

Reasons for Vulnerability Harshness of the environment Natural defenses reduced by fatigue and exposure Breakdown in basic sanitation 19

The number of active duty military inpatients dispositioned from U.S. Army MTFs located in Iraq and Afghanistan. 8

Medical Threat Components Heat - the most lethal Cold Arthropods Foodborne and waterborne diseases Toxic industrial materials (TIMs) Noise hazards Other 6

Medical Threat - Heat Reduce heat injuries by - • Enforcing the work/rest cycles • Encouraging Soldiers to eat all meals • Adjusting workloads 4

Types of Heat Injury Heat cramps Heat exhaustion Heatstroke - a medical emergency 7

Medical Threat - Cold Reduce cold injuries: • Wash feet daily / Wear clean dry socks • Use warming areas when available • Eat all meals • Drink plenty of water/nonalcoholic fluids • Exercise to stay warm

Types of Cold Injuries Chilblain Immersion foot Trench foot Frostbite General hypothermia 9

Arthropodborne Diseases Mosquito – malaria, yellow fever, dengue fever, encephalitis Sand fly – sand fly fever, leishmaniasis Body lice – epidemic typhus Hard ticks – Lyme disease 10

Rodentborne Diseases Fleas – plague, endemic typhus Mites – scrub typhus 11

Waterborne Diseases Typhoid fever Cholera Traveler’s diarrhea Hepatitis A 12

Foodborne Diseases Traveler’s diarrhea Cholera Salmonellosis Hepatitis 13

Toxic Industrial Materials (TIMs) Carbon monoxide Hydrogen chloride Bore/gun gases Solvents, greases, insecticides, and oils 14

TIMs - Effects Skin irritation Asphyxiation Central nervous system depression Death 15

Hazardous Noise - Sources Weapons Aircraft Most military vehicles and generators 16

Hazardous Noise - Effects Temporary loss of hearing Permanent loss of hearing 17

Hazardous Noise Reduction Ensure your Soldiers-- • Wear earplugs • Do not remove inserts from aircraft helmets • Avoid unnecessary exposure • Limit exposure to short periods of time • Clean hearing protectors 17

Medical Threat - Other Skin disease Altitude sickness Poisonous plants and animals Tobacco use Poor medical intelligence 18

Individual PMM 1 Cold Heat Arthropods Poisonous plants and animals Contaminated food and water Human waste Soil and common objects 18

Individual PMM 2 Hygiene Proper nutrition Stress Sexually transmitted diseases HIV/AIDS Tobacco 18

Field Sanitation Team Requirements 1 FST for every company-sized unit subject to deployment in a field environment Health care specialists (68W) organic or attached to deployed units will normally be the FST team members 57

Field Sanitation Team Requirements 2 If medical personnel are not organic to the unit, two Soldiers will be selected. One must be an NCO, and neither will have less than six months remaining in the unit 58

Field Sanitation Team Responsibilities 1 Inspects unit water containers and trailers Checks unit water supplies for chlorine residual Chlorinates the water if necessary Monitors field food service operations 59

Field Sanitation Team Responsibilities 2 Monitors waste disposal operations Controls of arthropods, rodents, and other animals in unit area Trains unit personal in individual PMMs Monitors status of PMM in unit 60

Field Sanitation Team Responsibilities 3 Assists is selecting the unit bivouac site Supervises construction of field sanitation devices Monitors unit personnel when applying individual PMM 61

Field Sanitation Team Steps to excellence Select the best Soldiers Schedule for FST training Use the FST for FTXs and predeployment training Don’t let the FST just exist on paper! 62