بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم. EPITHELIAL TISSUE 1- Epithelial membranes (Epithelia). 2- Glands.

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بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

1- Epithelial membranes (Epithelia). 2- Glands.

EPITHELIAL TISSUE General characteristics: 1- Have cells with little intercellular space. 2- are avascular. 3- Are separated from the underlying C.T. by the basement membrane. 4- Apical surface modifications: a- Microvilli (brush border). b- Cilia. 5- Are derived from ectoderm, endoderm or mesoderm.

Parameters for classification of epithelial membranes (1) The shape of most superficial cells: a- squamous (flat) b- cuboidal c- columnar

(2)The Number of cell layers: a- Simple b- stratified

(3) Function: a- Protection b- Absorption c- Secretion d- Excretion e- Transport f- Sensory reception

TYPES OF EPITHELIAL MEMBRANES (A) Simple Epithelium: 1- Simple squamous epithelium 2- Simple cuboidal epithelium 3- Simple columnar epithelium: a- with cilia b- without cilia 4- Pseudostratified columnar epith.: a- with cilia b- without cilia

TYPES OF EPITHELIAL MEMBRANES (B) Stratified epithelium: 1- Str. Squamous epith. 2- Str. Cuboidal epith. 3- Str. Columnar Epith. 4- Transitional epith.

MICROVILLI

CILIA

SIMPLE EPITHELIUM D. Pseudo-stratified columnar epith.

STRATIFIED EPITHELIUM C. Str. Cuboidal epith. D. Str. Columnar epith. XXXXXXXXXXXXXX

Simple squamous epithelium Endothelium

Simple squamous epithelium

Simple cuboidal epithelium

Simple Columnar Epithelium

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Non-keratinized Stratified Squamous epithelium

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Transitional Epithelium

GLANDS

CLASIFICATION OF GLANDS Glands are classified according to the following parameters: (1)Presence or absence of ducts: Exocrine. Endocrine. (2) No. of cells: Unicellular: e.g. Goblet cell. Multicellular.

CLASIFICATION OF GLANDS (3) Nature of secretion: Serous: serous acini Mucous: mucous acini Seromucous: Seromucous acini Aqueous (watery) Fatty Waxy

CLASIFICATION OF GLANDS (4) Mechanism of secretion: a- Merocrine (by exocytosis) b- Apocrine c- Holocrine

CLASIFICATION OF EXOCRINE GLANDS (5) Branching of duct & Shape of secretory unit: - Simple - Simple branched - Compound branched - Tubular - Alveolar (acinar) - Tubuloalveolar

TYPES OF EXOCRINE GLANDS

GOBLET CELLS

MAJOR SALIVARY GLANDS

SEROUS, MUCOUS & SEROMUCOUS ACINI SEROUS DEMILUNE MYOEPITHELIAL CELLS

SEROUS ACINAR CELL

SEROUS ACINI

MUCOUS ACINI

THANK YOU

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