What is Geography An in-depth Social Science §Many people have misconceptions about geography and think of the discipline as simply an exercise in memorizing place names. “Geography is Everything & Everything is Geography!!”

5 Themes of Geography. Location – specific location, where? 2. Place – unique properties of a place 3. Movement – diffusion, communications 4. Region – an area’s uniform characteristics 5. Human-Earth Relationships – human interaction with the environment

Geography is broken into 2 Branches Physical and Human

Physical Geography Name 3 Physical Processes that occur on Earth? What could be another name for Physical Geography?

Human Geography We study the physical to understand the Human!

The Basics-When you think of Geography the first thing that enters your mind is ???? Maps Draw a mental map of North and South America

Does Your Picture look like this What is the most common mistake?

cartography Maps provide a visual tool Map projections transfer locations on a round surface to a flat surface –some form of distortion always occurs –greater distortion results from larger areas depicted The science of map making

Parts of a Map

Title-Most important part of the map. Tells you the purpose of the map. Compass Rose- Cardinal Directions (N,E,S,W) Key-Tells you what symbols or colors on a map mean.

Scale –Large scale maps show more detail –Small scale maps show less - for example one inch = one mile is more detailed than one inch = one hundred miles 1:1 or 1:100

Scale test –Which scale on a map would provide you the most detail? –1:3, 000, 000 or 1:30,000

How can geographers reduce the distortions created when they draw a flat map of Greenland? Adjust Latitude/Parallel and Longitude/Meridian Where is Latitude and Longitude the most distorted? Depends on the type of Projection

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Robinson Projection Areas near the poles are flatter than reality. Land is fairly accurate in size and shape, especially on eastern and western edges.

Mercator Projection Greatly exaggerates the high latitude countries. Direction is accurate on the map. Images near the poles appear much bigger than in reality. Shapes are accurate sizes aren't

Equal Area Projection Map Portray areas as true proportion. Used to compared and contrast land area regarding size

Nothing’s where you think it is! West Wing New Map - YouTube

Thematic Maps What all can a map tell you?

Choropleth Map Shows geographical information using colors

Dot Distribution Map Uses dots to show distribution of a particular area or region. Dots show density of criteria in that region

Dot Distribution – World Population Population Connection - "World Population" - YouTubePopulation Connection - "World Population" - YouTube

Isopleth Maps This type of map is good for showing gradual change, like temperature

Cartogram – Adults with Aids Size of the units proportional to the data represented.