Matter What everything is made of

Matter… …is anything that has mass and takes up space …comes in two basic types Substance Mixture

Substance: a type of matter with a fixed composition

A substance could be two things: Elements Compounds

Elements: when all the atoms of a substance are the same Compounds: atoms of two or more elements are combined in a fixed ratio

Simple Science Atoms, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures: a material made up of two or more substances that can be separated by physical means

Substances vs. Mixtures Classify the following as a substance (S) or a mixture (M). 1.Sodium 2.Water 3.Soil 4.Coffee 5.Oxygen 6.Alcohol 7.Carbon dioxide 8.Cake batter 9.Air 10.Soup 11.Iron 12.Saltwater 13.Ice cream 14.Nitrogen 15.Eggs 16.Blood 17.Table salt 18.Nail polish 19.Milk 20.Cola

Substances vs. Mixtures Classify the following as a substance or a mixture. 1.SodiumS 2.WaterS 3.SoilM 4.CoffeeM 5.OxygenS 6.AlcoholS 7.Carbon dioxide S 8.Cake batterM 9.AirM 10.SoupM 11.Iron S 12.SaltwaterM 13.Ice creamM 14.NitrogenS 15.EggsM 16.BloodM 17.Table saltS 18.Nail polishM 19.Milk M 20.ColaM

Two types of mixture: Heterogeneous Homogeneous

Heterogeneous mixture where the substances can be easily distinguished, usually by sight

Homogeneous mixture: 2 or more gases, solids, or liquids blended evenly throughout

In a homogeneous mixture, all particles are individual molecules or atoms of the substances involved. None of it clumps together

What, you can’t see the individual atoms of dissolved salt in this glass of salt water?

Same as a solution: a homogeneous mixture with particles so small that they can not be seen with a microscope, and will never settle out

All homogeneous mixtures are solutions All solutions are homogeneous mixtures Got it?

Homogeneous vs. Heterogeneous Matter Classify the following substances and mixtures as either homogeneous (HO) or heterogeneous (HE). 1.Flat soda pop 2.Chery vanilla ice cream 3.Salad dressing 4.Sugar 5.Soil 6.Aluminum foil 7.Black coffee 8.Sugar water 9.City air 10.Paint 11.Alcohol 12.Iron 13.Beach sand 14.Pure air 15.Spaghetti sauce

Homogeneous vs. Heterogeneous Matter Classify the following substances and mixtures as either homogeneous (HO) or heterogeneous (HE). 1.Flat soda pop HO 2.Chery vanilla ice cream HE 3.Salad dressing HE 4.Sugar HO 5.Soil HE 6.Aluminum foil HO 7.Black coffee HO 8.Sugar water HO 9.City air HE 10.Paint HE 11.Alcohol HO 12.Iron HO 13.Beach sand HE 14.Pure air HE 15.Spaghetti sauce HE

Colloids: a strange mixture The particles of the colloid are larger than those of a solution, but are still too small to settle out

Examples of colloids: Smoke, fog, milk Colloid particles are NOT individual molecules or atoms, but are clumps of them

Tyndall effect: The clumps of substances in colloids scatter light, so that a light beam shining through a colloid can be seen (assuming the colloid is clear enough)

Suspension: a type of heterogeneous mixture in which visible particles will eventually settle out.

Mixtures

Label the following mixtures as a solution, colloid or suspension. Give an example of each. 1.Large particles, settles out on standing 2.Medium size particles, settles out on standing, scatters light 3.Very small particles, does not settle out on standing

Label the following mixtures as a solution, colloid or suspension. Give an example of each. 1.Large particles, settles out on standing Suspension – muddy water 2.Medium size particles, settles out on standing, scatters light Colloid - milk 3.Very small particles, does not settle out on standing Solution – salt water