National Government based in Léopoldville (Pro-Western)

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Presentation transcript:

National Government based in Léopoldville (Pro-Western) Rival National Government based in Stanleyville (Pro-communist) Mining State of South Kasai (Autonomous) Katanga (Independent)

Joseph Kasavubu: Elected president by parliament May Appointed Patrice Lumumba Prime Minister. Dismissed Lumumba 5 th September Maintained government in Leopolville.

Patrice Lumumba: Appointed Prime Minister May 1960 by Kasavubu. Charismatic orator. Made ties with socialist countries and received military aid from the Soviet Union. Appointed Joseph Mobutu as head of the Armed Forces. Dismissed 5 th September 1960 by Kasavubu. Assassinated by Kantangan forces 17 th January 1961.

Joseph Mobutu: Appointed head of the Armed Forces by Mobutu. Attempted to unite Congo using the army. Supported financially and militarily by the US and Belgium in an attempt to control communism and secure resources. Seized power in 1965 in a CIA backed coup.

Moise Tshombe: Led the mining state of Katanga which had declared independence. Backed by Belgium which wanted to retain control over Katangas resources and the US looking to control communism. Ruled Congo shortly in 1964 but was killed by Mobutu. Respectful of whites and their investments. Called “Africa’s most unpopular African”.

Dag Hammarskjöld: Secretary-General of the UN who sent a peace-keeping force to Congo in 1960 to keep the peace in reaction to Kasavubu’s appeal. Ordered Belgian forces in Katanga to leave. Sided with the US on all important decisions on Congo during the conflict causing Soviet protest.

The United States administrations and most Western historians argue that the US aided Joseph Mobutu in seizing power in order to counter “the threat of Soviet domination of the Republic of the Congo”.

Some historians such as William Blum argue that the US was not only fighting communism, but “mindful of the fabulous wealth as well”. He highlights connections between members of the US administration and the resources in Congo.