روش استاندارد انتقال نمونه هاي عفوني براساس الزامات بين المللي.

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روش استاندارد انتقال نمونه هاي عفوني براساس الزامات بين المللي

مقدمه حمل ونقل نمونه ها مي تواند از راه هوا، دريا، جاده، راه آهن ونيزپست طبق قوانين موجود در هر کشور ودستورالعمل مربوطه، تحت شرايط صحيح بسته بندي انجام شود. IATA =International Airline Transport Association محموله هاي خطرناک به 9 گروه تقسيم مي شوندکه بيشتر تقسيم بندي ها مربوط به انواع مواد شيميايي بوده و مواد سمي و عفوني در گروه 6 ونيز مواد عفوني درگروه 6.2 قرارمي گيرند.

تعاریف مواد عفونی : مواد محتوی عامل بیماریزا شناخته شده اند ( یا انتظار می رود که باشند ) باکتری،ویروس،قارچ،انگل و... کشت ها : فرآیند تعمدی تکثیر عوامل بیماریزا نمونه های بیمار : مواد جمع آوری شده از انسان یا حیوان بطور مستقیم مدفوع،ترشحات،خون و ترکیبات آن،بافت و...

تعاریف فرآوردهای بیولوژیک : محصولات مشتق شده از میکرو ارگانیزم های زنده واکسن ها،داروها،کیت های حاوی آنزیم و آنتی بادی و... پسماندهای پزشکی یا بالینی : پسماندهایی که از معالجات حیوانات یا انسانها یا تحقیقات زیستی ناشی می شوند

Classification of dangerous goods Class 2: Gases Division 2.2: Non-flammable, non-toxic gases Refrigerated liquid nitrogen (refrigeration Class 3: Flammable liquids Ethanol (preservation) Class 6: Toxic and infectious substances Division 6.1: Toxic substances Class 6.2: Infectious substances موادعفونی

مواد خطرناك متفرقه : Class 9: Different dangerous substances  Genetically modified microorganisms and organisms (not classified under 6.2) (UN 3245)

مواد عفونی : گروه A گروه B گروه معاف شده

گروه A: می توانند باعث ناتوانی دائمی و یا بیماری کشنده و تهدیدکننده در انسان یا حیوان سالم شوند Proper shipping name: نام حمل مناسب جهت گروه A Infection Substance Affecting Humans Infection Substance Affecting Animals کد بین المللی UN2814 کد بین المللی UN2900

UN Number: UN 2814 Proper Shipping Name :Infectious substance, affecting humans Microorganism : Lassa virus Bacillus anthracis (cultures only) Brucella abortus (cultures only) Brucella melitensis (cultures only) Brucella suis (cultures only) Burkholderia mallei − Pseudomonas mallei − glanders (cultures only) Burkholderia pseudomallei − Pseudomonas pseudomallei (cultures only) Chlamydia psittaci − avian strains (cultures only) Clostridium botulinum (cultures only) Coccidioides immitis (cultures only) Coxiella burnetii (cultures only) Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus Dengue virus (cultures only) Eastern equine encephalitis virus (cultures only)

UN Number: UN 2814 Proper Shipping Name :Infectious substance, affecting humans Microorganism : Escherichia coli, verotoxigenic (cultures only)1 Ebola virus Flexal virus Francisella tularensis (cultures only) Guanarito virus Hantaan virus Hantaviruses causing haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome Hendra virus Hepatitis B virus (cultures only) Herpes B virus (cultures only) Human immunodeficiency virus (cultures only) Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (cultures only) Japanese encephalitis virus (cultures only) Junin virus Kyasanur Forest disease virus __________ 1 For surface transport (ADR) nevertheless, when cultures are intended for diagnostic or clinical purposes, they may be classified as infectious substances of Category B l

Lassa virus Machupo virus Marburg virus Monkey pox virus Mycobacterium tuberculosis (cultures only)1 Nipah virus Omsk haemorrhagic fever virus Poliovirus (cultures only) Rabies virus (cultures only) Rickettsia prowazekii (cultures only) Rickettsia rickettsii (cultures only) Rift Valley fever virus (cultures only) Russian spring-summer encephalitis virus (cultures only) Sabia virus Shigella dysenteriae type 1 (cultures only)1 Tick-borne encephalitis virus (cultures only) Variola virus Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (cultures only) West Nile virus (cultures only) Yellow fever virus (cultures only) Yersinia pestis (cultures only

گروه B: مواد عفونی که شرایط گروه A را نداشته باشند ( مواد بیولوژیکال ) Proper shipping name: نام حمل مناسب جهت گروه B Biological Substance Category B کد بین المللی UN3373

گروه معاف شده : موادی که محتوی مواد عفونی نیستند یا بعید است سبب بیماری در انسان یا حیوان شوند Proper shipping name: Exempt Human/Animal Specimen

موادي كه هرگونه عامل بيماري زاي موجود در آن خنثي ويا غيرفعال شده و هيچ گونه خطري نداشته باشد. خون يا تركيبات خوني ( براي مقاصد انتقال خون، تهيه فرآورده هاي خوني و پيوند ) هرگونه بافت و اندام جهت عمل پيوند پسماندهاي كلينيكي يا پزشكي آلودگي زدايي شده

UN NumberProper Shipping Name CategorizationSituation UN 3373Biological Substance, Category B Patient presents with suspected case of Hepatitis B virus and blood samples are sent UN 2814Infectious Substance, Affecting Humans Category A Sending a culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to a reference laboratory UN 2814Infectious Substance, Affecting Humans Category A The Ebola virus has been found in bats and samples which have not been cultured are being shipped -----Exempt Human Specimen Exempt A medical professional declares that samples collected for a human drug test have only minimal likelihood of containing pathogens