Morgan Weindel, Lauren Brown, and Quincy Herdlein Sokoto Caliphate Morgan Weindel, Lauren Brown, and Quincy Herdlein

Overview Establishment Location Formation Collapse Important Information Significance Why

The Establishment of Sokoto Caliphate Who established Sokoto Caliphate ? Uthman dan Fodio founded it in 1804 Later became the first Sultan also known as the sarkin musulmi Where was Uthman dan Fodio from? Dan Fodio was a religious leader from the city state of Gobir (Yoo). Uthman dan Fodio

Why was Sokoto Caliphate Created? What facilitated the creation of Sokoto Caliphate? Dan Fodio initiated the jihad in 1804 after he was exiled from Gobir He called for a holy war against Gobir and other Hausa states He later conquered the Hausa states and took control of Sokoto Caliphate Created the jamā’a, also known as the Islamic community United Hausa states and the neighboring territories under one central administration for the first time in history “Usman dan Fodio”

Where was Sokoto Caliphate Located? Sokoto Caliphate was located in present-day Nigeria. After dan Fodio’s death, Muhammed Bello began to rule. Bello expanded the empire thousands of miles. It went from present-day Burkina Faso to Northern Cameroon. (Yoo). Map of Sultanate of Sokoto

Maps of Sokoto Caliphate

Formation of Sokoto Caliphate When Sokoto Caliphate existed Founded in 1804 and fell in 1903 (Yoo). Founded by Uthman dan Fodio, the first Sultan of Sokoto. Led until he died in 1817. His son, Muhammad Bello, took control of the eastern side, and his brother Abdullahi became ruler of the western side. The Sokoto Caliphate

Formation of Sokoto Caliphate How Sokoto Caliphate was formed Founded as a result of the Fulani jihads (holy wars). Fodio started the religious wars when him and his followers were expelled from the city of Hausa in Gobir. Fodio and his followers conquered Gobir and other city states. As a result, Fodio had an empire that included most of what is now northern Nigeria and Cameroon. (Yoo).

Collapse of Sokoto Caliphate Civil war began to occur because of internal rivalry in the 1890s. While civil war was occurring, French and British armies began to infiltrate the empire as well. Then, in 1903, French and British armies took over and the Sokoto Caliphate empire fell. Although Great Britain took over, they allowed the Sultan to remain as a ceremonial ruler. British beliefs still in effect though. (Yoo).

Uthman dan Fodio Founder of Sokoto Caliphate Uthman Dan Fodio.

Important Information The Sokoto Caliphate Empire extended over a thousand miles across Western Africa. The two famous rulers dan Fodio and Muhammad Bello promoted Muslim Scholarship and spurred the contribution of poetry, literature, and politics. The general religion of the empire was Muslim or Islam. (Yoo).

Additional Important info. It possessed a mighty military allowing it to institute peace for many years throughout the eastern savanna. The empire thrived under the slave industry which spurred economic growth by taking non-muslims from neighboring states. (The Sokoto Caliphate (1812 – Present)).

Significance The Sokoto Caliphate united its entire geographic region. It united the regions territories economically and issued a golden age of prosperity. Documented history and created poetry, art, and mathematics. Ignited religious fervor in surrounding kingdoms. (Nigeria - Usman Dan Fodio and the Sokoto Caliphate).

Why wasn't it conquered by Europe? Area not desirable for european conquest Was not worth the trouble they would have to through to conquer- not enough benefit for bloodshed. (Yoo).

Conclusion Founded by Uthman dan Fodio after winning the holy wars. The empire grew largely until internal rivalry brought civil war. Allowed for the infiltration of British and French armies. Great Britain eventually took over. Important for the Muslim Religion, and scholarism Was not taken over by Europe due to unfavorable area and conditions

Questions?

Works Cited Map of the Sultanate of Sokoto. 1995.N.p. Ed. J. Boyd and B.B. Mack. “Nigeria - Usman Dan Fodio and the Sokoto Caliphate.” Nigeria - Usman Dan Fodio and the Sokoto Caliphate. Web. 29 Feb. 2016. The Sokoto Caliphate. N.d. The Library of the US Congress, n.p. “The Sokoto Caliphate (1812 – Present).” Parallel Narratives. 2011. Web. 27 Feb. 2016. “Usman dan Fodio”. Encyclopedia Britannica. Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2016. Web. 29 Feb. 2016. Uthman Dan Fodio. N.d. N.p.

Works Cited Cont. Yoo, Jiwon Amy. “Sultanate of Sokoto (Sokoto Caliphate).” Sultanate of Sokoto (Sokoto Caliphate) | The Black Past: Remembered and Reclaimed. Humanities Washington, n.d. Web. 26 Feb. 2016.