Plants

1. Plants have several characteristics in common Autotrophs – can make their own food (photosynthesis) Multicellular – the cells are organized into tissues Eukaryotic- the cells have a cell wall, large vacuole, and chloroplasts

2. Plant leaves have a cuticle It helps keep water inside of the plant rather than lose it to evaporation or transpiration

3. Plants must take in water and nutrients from their surroundings

Some plants absorb these into their bodies and pass them from cell-to-cell Others have vascular tissue for – food – Water – nutrients

4. Plants reproduce Asexually - by using tubers, runners, and plantlets (like ivy or potatoes) Sexually - fertilization occurs when an egg cell unites with a sperm to form a fertilized egg called a zygote (like flowers)

5. Plants can be divided into two major groups Vascular Nonvascular

6. Nonvascular plants Do not have a tubular system to transport food or water They grow near the ground in shady, damp places Example: mosses

7. Vascular Plants Have a well developed tissue system that can transport food and water through the plant – Roots – Stems Plants can grow tall because this tissue provides – Strength – Stability – Support

8. Plants have a complex life cycle Sporophyte stage is where the plant produces spores Gametophyte stage is when the spore produces a sperm or egg

Concept Map Cell wall Chloroplast Multicellular Damp, shady areas Low to ground Seedless Nonvascular True vascular tissue Mosses and liverworts Large vacuole nucleus

Mav Mark What organelle does photosynthesis occur in? What kind of organisms do photosynthesis? What organelle does cellular respiration occur in? What kind of organisms do cellular respiration?

Mav Mark 1.How many stages are in the plant’s life cycle? 2.What are the stages of the plant’s life cycle? 3.What is produced in the sporophyte? 4.What is produced in the gametophyte? 5. What do sperm and egg produce?