RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL CONTROL OF PHYMATOTRICHOPSIS (COTTON) ROOT ROT T. ISAKEIT, R.R. MINZENMAYER, J. STAPPER, AND C.G. SANSONE TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY SYSTEM.

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Presentation transcript:

RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL CONTROL OF PHYMATOTRICHOPSIS (COTTON) ROOT ROT T. ISAKEIT, R.R. MINZENMAYER, J. STAPPER, AND C.G. SANSONE TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY SYSTEM

CONTROL APPROACHES: CROP ROTATION ORGANIC AMENDMENTS EARLY MATURING VARIETIES DEEP TILLAGE CHEMICALS

CHEMICAL RESEARCH: KEROSENE (CURTIS, 1892) FORMALDEHYDE (KING, 1923) AMMONIA (NEAL, 1932) HG, VOLATILE ORGANICS (EZEKIEL, 1938) FUNGICIDES & FUMIGANTS (SLEETH, 1968) 75 GPA (LYDA, 1967)

THE CHALLENGE OF SOIL TREATMENT

MODERN FUNGICIDE FIRSTS: BENZIMIDAZOLE (STEM DRENCH) : LYDA, 1970 DMI (STEROL INHIBITORS): LYDA, 1987 PROPICONAZOLE: - SLOW RELEASE: LYDA, SIDE DRESS: HINE, DRIP: OLSEN & GEORGE, 1987

SLOW-RELEASE PROPICONAZOLE: (J.E. MATOCHA, TYNAN, TX, 1995)

FUNGICIDE CONTROL: OBJECTIVES SCREEN NEW FUNGICIDES FOR EFFICACY EVALUATE DIFFERENT APPLICATION METHODS RATES REALISTIC FOR ECONOMICS AND “RISK CUP”

IN VITRO EFFECT OF FUNGICIDES (0.01 PPM) ON GROWTH (% OF CONTROL) FUNGICIDE% % AZOXYSTROBIN 17 MYCLOBUTANIL 19 BOSCALID 53 PROTHIOCONAZOLE 72 PYRACLOSTROBIN 93 PYRIMETHANIL 74 FENBUCONAZOLE 35 FLUSILAZOLE 25 METCONAZOLE 24 V TEBUCONAZOLE 28 PROPICONAZOLE 25

FUNGICIDE% OF CONTROL FENBUCONAZOLE28 TEBUCONAZOLE28 MYCLOBUTANIL22 PROTHIOCONAZOLE53 FLUSILAZOLE28 PROPICONAZOLE31 V SENSITIVITY OF P.O. TO 0.01 PPM FUNGICIDE IN VITRO LAB VS. FIELD: THE PROBLEM APPEARS TO BE GETTING THE FUNGICIDE TO THE PATHOGEN

STEM DRENCH OBJECTIVES: EVALUATE NEW CHEMICAL GROUPS: - EPA-FRIENDLY - COTTON LABEL STEM-DIRECTED SPRAYS: - ECONOMICAL, ESPECIALLY ON DRIP - USE WITH PRECISION AG

2002 SAN PATRICIO COUNTY: PHOTO: CARLOS FERNANDEZ

SAN PATRICIO COUNTY, 2002 STEM DRENCH: Treated June 17 June 28

SAN PATRICIO COUNTY, 2002:

2005 STEM DRENCH FUNGICIDES: RATE: 3.4 LB A.I. / A T, T, S+O; 3.7 LB Q; 33.9 LB F; LB F+F VOLUME: 41 GPA

SAN PATRICIO COUNTY: TREATED JUNE 23, 2005: 90 DAYS AFTER PLANTING (3 NAWF)

TOM GREEN COUNTY: MERETA: 12th TRUE LEAF 49 DAP TREATED JULY 6, 2005 WALL: 7th TRUE LEAF; 27 DAP

MERETA: SEPT. 27, 2005:

2005 RESULTS:

COST OF FUNGICIDES: PHLOEM-MOBILE FUNGICIDES WOULD BE MORE EFFICIENT!

2006 STEM DRENCH EXPERIMENTS APPLICATION TO LOWER STEM: LARGE PLOTS, THREE LOCATIONS APPLICATION TO LOWER STEM: 11 CHEMICALS, ONE LOCATION TWO SEED TREATMENTS COMPARED TO PROPICONAZOLE STEM DRENCH, TWO LOCATIONS

2006 SAN PATRICIO COUNTY RESULTS LOWER STEM APPLICATION

2006: CRR MORTALITY FOLLOWING STEM DRENCH OF FUNGICIDES FUNGICIDE% % NONE 56 BOSCAL.+PYRACLO. 39 DPX-LEM PROTHIOCONAZOLE 37 FLUPICOLIDE 67 PYRIMETHANIL 48 V FLUSILAZOLE 50 METCONAZOLE 51 V FLUOXASTROBIN 47 PROPICONAZOLE 22

LOWER STEM APPLICATION % DISEASE WALLSAN ANGELO FUNGICIDE8/22 9/26 NONE (CONTROL) PROPICONAZOLE THIOPHANATE-MET BOSCALID PYRACLOSTROBIN DPX-LEM V RESULTS: TOM GREEN COUNTY, TWO LOCATIONS

2006: SEED TREATMENT AND STEM DRENCH TREATMENT # DEAD / 200 ROW FT. NONE (CONTROL) 209 SEED: TRIFLOXYSTROBIN + TRIADIMENOL + IPCONAZOLE 220 SEED: TRIFLOXYSTROBIN + TRIADIMENOL + TCMBT 190 STEM: PROPICONAZOLE (2 LB. A.I. / 5 NAWF 175

LOCATION OF EXPERIMENT APPLICATION VIA DRIP TAPE

2006: APPLICATION VIA DRIP INCIDENCE OF CRR / 200 ROW FT. FUNGICIDE# DISEASED NONE (CONTROL)125 AZOXYSTROBIN221 PROPICONAZOLE118 THIOPHANATE-METHYL189 PROTHIOCONAZOLE167 METCONAZOLE176

FUNGICIDE (LB. A.I./A)% DISEASE NONE (CONTROL)59 AZOXYSTROBIN (0.5)60 PROPICONAZOLE (1.5)50 THIOPHANATE-METHYL (1.4)57 TEBUCONAZOLE (1)53 TETRACONAZOLE (1)50 APPLIED FLOWERING EVALUATED 10/05/ : APPLICATION VIA DRIP

FUTURE REQUIREMENTS: IMPROVE CONTROL: TIMING REDUCE COSTS: CHEMICAL RATE

GROWER COOPERATORS JOHN AND DOUG WILDE NOLAN NIEHUES JERRY MULTER JERRY VANECEK LONNIE KELLERMEIER JAMES RAY ADAMS