Plants, Soil and Humans

Review: Producers and Consumers  Producers  Get their energy from the Sun  Consumers  Get their energy from producers

Photosynthesis  Plants need photosynthesis to survive  Plants are producers  This process creates “food” for plants

Photosynthesis  Green plants change sunlight into sugar  Chloroplasts have chlorophyll in them  Chlorophyll absorbs light  Also gives plants green color

Formula for Photosynthesis Sunlight + Water + CO 2 = Sugar + Oxygen Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration  Cellular respiration is the process that consumers (animals and humans) use to get energy  Animals and humans cannot create their own food, so they must consume (eat) it  Happens in the mitochondria  Organelle in cell that changes food into energy

Formula for Cellular Respiration Sugar + Oxygen = Water + CO 2 + Energy

 Photosynthesis and Respiration Photosynthesis and Respiration

Importance of breathing  We need to breathe constantly in order for us to survive  Humans can go days without water and weeks without food  Can only go minutes without breathing

Breathing Process  Inhale oxygen  This oxygen was given off by plants during photosynthesis  Diaphragm flexes down and pulls the oxygen toward your lungs  Then the oxygen travels through large tubes in your lungs called bronchi

Breathing Process Continued  Bronchi branch off into many smaller tubes called bronchioles.  About 30,000 bronchioles in each lung!  At the end of each bronchiole are clumps of extremely tiny air sacs called alveoli  About 600 million of them in your lungs!

Breathing Process Continued  Alveoli transfer the oxygen to tiny blood vessels called capillaries  The capillaries pass the oxygen to your blood, which travels to your heart  Your heart pumps the oxygenated blood throughout your body

Breathing Process Continued  The oxygen is used by your cells to change nutrients into energy  Some waste is created during this process (cellular respiration), in the form of carbon dioxide  Your body does not want carbon dioxide in it, so it gets rid of it  How?!?!

Breathing Process Continued  Carbon dioxide is carried in your blood back to your heart  Your heart pumps that CO 2 blood back to your lungs  CO 2 is transferred to the capillaries, then to the alveoli, and into your lungs  The CO 2 is then exhaled  Gas Exchange Gas Exchange

Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Exchange  Plants take in carbon dioxide during photosynthesis and release oxygen as a product.  Humans breathe in oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide Plants and humans need each other for survival!!!