Olaf Booy GB Non-native Species Secretariat Olaf Booy GB Non-native Species Secretariat The GB Non-native Species Mechanism

Overview  GB mechanism  Relevant GB work  Strengths and weaknesses  Looking forward

GB NNS mechanism components  Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)  Bern Convention  Ramsar Convention  European Birds Directive  European Habitats Directive (natural habitats and wild fauna and flora)  EC 2006 Communication on Halting Loss of Biodiversity by 2010

GB NNS mechanism components  Co-ordination  Risk assessment  Codes of conduct  Education and awareness  Legislation  Monitoring and surveillance  Policies for control  Stakeholder engagement Defra-led Policy Review:

GB NNS mechanism components  Coordination GB Programme Board Non-Native Species Secretariat

GB NNS mechanism components  Delivery GB Programme Board Non-Native Species Secretariat

GB NNS mechanism components  Delivery GB Programme Board Non-Native Species Secretariat Strategy Working Group

GB NNS mechanism components  Defra Chair  3 Govts represented  Agencies  Plant and Animal Health  Customs  Limited Transport representation  Conservation NGOs  Trade Representatives

 Strategy Aim  Sets out a high-level policy framework providing a context for national, regional and local initiatives GB NNS mechanism components

GB Strategy Prevention 1

GB Strategy Monitoring and Rapid response Prevention 2 1

GB Strategy Control Monitoring and Rapid response Prevention 3 2 1

GB Strategy Information exchange Co-ordination Control Monitoring and Rapid response Prevention Awareness Legislation 3 2 1

GB Strategy Information exchange Co-ordination Control Monitoring and Rapid response Prevention Awareness Legislation

GB Strategy Country working groups CDR Training Designate coordinating body Prioritising species Develop database of control projects Provide source of best practice guidance Identify sources of funding Develop national and regional priorities Acknowledge regional priorities ISAPs EU representation Links with Ireland NNSS represent GB on Invasive Species Ireland NNSS maintain links with FCO and overseas territory initiatives Review and help develop the EU invasive species strategy Defra represent UK in Europe Links with OTs Information exchange Provide links to fora on NNSS website Provide source of best practice guidance, ID information, risk assessments etc Promotion of regional / local fora Co-ordination Stakeholder forum NNRAP CDR Programme Board (non-native species secretariat) Stakeholder sounding board Country working groups Media and comms GB strategy Working groups Stakeholders Rapid response Consultations Develop support tools for fora Encourage effective partnerships Control Ludwigia XenopusBullfrog Didemnum Topmouth Gudgeon Provide early warning function Horizon scanning Provide survey protocols Develop means for collecting and collating information Surveillance, monitoring and detection Resource audit Coordinating body protocol Identify sources of funding RR Working group Oak processionary moth Fat headed minnow Initial action Monitoring and Rapid response Currently 10 species assessed (72 underway) Media and communications strategy International biodiversity day ID sheets Training NNSS website Template developed Template being developed Field guide ID information Raising awareness PAPs Legislative review Scotland ISAPs First EU country to develop a specific RA process RA tool, management module, NNRAP and process functioning Risk analysis mechanism Prevention CDR Media and communications strategy Public awareness survey NNSS website Identification info Media and communications working group Code of practice for key pathways Training Awareness Key messages Identifying priorities Key stakeholders Legislation Nature Conservation (Scotland) Act (2004) Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act (2006) Review of Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981) Schedule 9 GB Programmes Ruddy duck eradication Japanese knotweed biocontrol research

GB NNS mechanism components Stakeholder Involvement Forum Sounding Board Media and Comms. Working Group Non-Native Risk Analysis Mechanism Monitoring Existing Species New Detections Horizon Scanning Rapid Response Working Group Other Working Groups GB Programme Board Non-Native Species Secretariat Country Working Groups Strategy Working Group

Currently 10 species assessed (72 underway) Media and communications strategy International biodiversity day ID sheets Training NNSS website Template developed Template being developed Field guide ID information Raising awareness PAPs Contingency plans First EU country to develop a specific RA process Risk analysis mechanism Prevention Risk analysis Horizon Scanning RA tool, management module, NNRAP and process functioning

Work ongoing in GB  Horizon Scanning

Risk assessment / risk management Determining responsibility Planning Action Follow up Evidence Decision Action Prioritisation Risk analysis

 Based on EPPO system  Just over 70 questions

Risk analysis Risk assessment Peer review NNRAP GB Programme Board Public comment Initiation stakeholders relevant authorities screening

Ludwigia Xenopus Bullfrog Didemnum Topmouth Gudgeon Provide early warning function Horizon scanning Provide survey protocols Develop means for collecting and collating information Surveillance, monitoring and detection Resource audit Coordinating body protocol Identify sources of funding RR Working group Oak processionary moth Fat headed minnow Initial action Monitoring and Rapid response CDR ISAPs Surveillance and alerts

Under recording Didemnum vexillum

Data flow Horse-Chestnut Leaf-miner NBN Forest Research

PORTAL NNSIP

PORTAL NNSIP RISC

PORTAL GB Stakeholders NNSIP RISC

PORTAL Rapid response Alert! NNSIP GB Stakeholders RISC

PORTAL Rapid response Alert! NNSIP GB Stakeholders European and global schemes RISC

American Bullfrog Short Description Bullfrogs are up to twice the length of the native common frog, and draw attention by their loud, deep calls. The ear drum is obviously larger than the eye, with a conspicuous dark outer ring. The lack of skin folds along the back, and the single vocal sac positioned beneath the chin, help to distinguish this from other non-native frogs in Britain. Impacts The bullfrog is listed by IUCN as one of the most harmful invasive species. It both competes with and eats native amphibians, and carries a disease that has contributed to worldwide amphibian decline and to several global extinctions. Habitat It occupies any type of still or slowly moving water, especially where aquatic and bank vegetation are abundant. Get more images Download ID sheet Download risk assessment Download action plan Download this fact sheet Projects

American Bullfrog Short Description Bullfrogs are up to twice the length of the native common frog, and draw attention by their loud, deep calls. The ear drum is obviously larger than the eye, with a conspicuous dark outer ring. The lack of skin folds along the back, and the single vocal sac positioned beneath the chin, help to distinguish this from other non-native frogs in Britain. Impacts The bullfrog is listed by IUCN as one of the most harmful invasive species. It both competes with and eats native amphibians, and carries a disease that has contributed to worldwide amphibian decline and to several global extinctions. Habitat It occupies any type of still or slowly moving water, especially where aquatic and bank vegetation are abundant. Get more images Download ID sheet Download risk assessment Download action plan Download this fact sheet Distribution data (NBN) Photo Gallery Technical information Risk assessments ID resources Actions plans Projects Projects database

Response VERIFICATION DETECTION PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION FEASIBILITY ASSESSMENT DELIVERY PHASE EVALUATION Determine responsible body using decision tree

Predicted costs: Eradication now = £21,000 Eradication once widespread = £467,000,000

Rapid Response

Strengths Central strategy Developing mechanisms (e.g. PB, NNSS, RR) RA / EPPO Model Surveillance Close links across GB and Ireland Weaknesses Not all mechanisms developed Slow RA process No agreed lists No formal Horizon Scanning connection with Europe

Future plans  Horizon Scanning within GB  Risk analysis (pathways)  Improve surveillance  Research, training and education

Conclusions  Coordinated early warning is needed  Elements of this are underway in GB  Keen to engage with this within Europe and the rest of the world  Looking forward to progress in this area

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