Greek Mythology

JOURNAL- How did the geography affect the development of the Greek city-states?

Greek Mythology and Religion Gods and Goddesses of Greek Religion

Greek Mythology and Religion  Mythology – the story (or myth) of the Greek Gods / Goddesses.  There were 12 Important Greek deities living on Mt Olympus  Most are related and each has their own story or myth!

Greek Mythology and Religion Greek religion is polytheistic Greek Deities held human forms and human qualities Greeks used their religion to explain natural phenomenon (seasonal change/storms), human qualities and events in their lives

Greek Mythology Based on polytheistic religion – Believed in many gods – Gods explained natural phenomena, human qualities and life events

Greek Mythology Myths – traditional stories of the Greek Gods / Goddesses. Most are related and each has their own story or myth! Gods could even take on human emotions like love, hate or jealousy

Greek Mythology The 6 MUST-KNOW Deities (gods)  Zeus  Hera  Apollo  Artemis  Athena  Aphrodite

Gods live on Mount Olympus

Gods Zeus – the ruler of the gods – Ruler of the Sky, Weather and Thunderstorms Hera – wife of Zeus – Goddess of Marriage and Birth – Very jealous of Zeus’ relationship with other women

Greek Mythology and Religion Zeus - Chief God Ruler of the Sky, Weather and Thunderstorms

Greek Mythology and Religion HERA – Wife of Zeus Goddess of Marriage and Birth

Zeus Hera

Athena Athena – daughter of Zeus, and his favorite child – Goddess of wisdom and war – Guardian of Athens

Greek Mythology and Religion ATHENA – daughter of Zeus Goddess of Wisdom and War

Athena

Aphrodite Aphrodite – goddess of love and beauty – Symbol = dove, rose

Greek Mythology and Religion APHRODITE – Goddess of Love and Beauty

Artemis Artemis – goddess of the hunt, childbirth, nature, harvest and the forest – Symbols – bows and arrows

Greek Mythology and Religion ARTEMIS – daughter of Zeus (twin sister of Apollo) Goddess of childbirth, nature, harvest, moon, and chief hunter to the gods

Aphrodite Artemis

Apollo Apollo – God of Light, music, poetry, medicine and knowledge – Symbols = snake

Greek Mythology and Religion APOLLO – Son of Zeus God of Light – Drives the Sun across the sky in his chariot

Apollo

Gods and Goddesses The symbols and images of the gods and goddesses are still seen in western literature, art and architecture Example = roses

Greek Mythology and Religion Images of Greek Mythology are evident in… Art Literature Architecture

12/1 & 12/2 Journal: Please describe at least two contributions of Greek culture that impacted Western Civilization Agenda: -Journal -Alexander the Great -Activity -Review

Alexander the Great

Macedonia Kingdom to the North of Greece Most Greeks viewed the Macedonians as uncivilized barbarians

Philip II Philip II – King of Macedonia – After end of the Peloponnesian War, Greece is weak and could not unite together to fight off the Macedonians – Philip II easily conquers all of Greece

Alexander the Great Takes over after his father (Philip II) dies in 336 B.C. – Alexander the Great was only 20 years old!

Alexander the Great Alexander was a brilliant scholar and a student of Aristotle.

Alexander the Great Alexander is now king of Macedonia and Greece He will then lead the army against Darius III the Persian Army

Darius III was so scared he flees Alexander’s army and gives up control over Anatolia

Alexander the Great 332 B.C. – Alexander the Great and his army conquered Egypt, which was a Persian territory Established Alexandria, Egypt at the mouth of the Nile River

Macedonia Conquers Greece Conquers Anatolia Conquers Egypt

Alexander the Great With each civilization and city conquered Alexander spread Greek culture Pushed borders of empire as far east as India

Alexander the Great’s Empire

Alexander the Great After returning close to home, Alexander wanted to unify empire and push for advancements. But in 323 B.C. Alexander the Great dies from fever a month short of his 32 nd birthday.

Alexander the Great After Alexander’s death, language and religion continue to link the individual cities and regions Alexander’s successors divide up the land and begin dynasties They kept old local traditions and combined them with new Greek ideas

Hellenistic Culture Hellenistic Culture – is a blend of Greek and Asian influences Because of Alexander the Great, Hellenistic culture spread throughout the empire through trade

Hellenistic Culture

Alexandria becomes the capitol of commerce and Hellenistic civilization