Week 7 Notes America

Do Not Copy Students in this power point will be able to… 1.Explain the Foreign and Domestic Policies of John Adams and Thomas Jefferson 2.Describe the role of John Marshall and the Supreme Court in early America 3.Identify the causes and impacts of the War of 1812

Washington’s Foreign Policy – NEUTRALITY!!! Proclamation of Neutrality – 1793 Britain and France go to war Washington declares that the US should not become “entangled in European affairs.” Says that our new nation needs time to “secure it’s liberty and posterity”

Adams and Neutrality As America maintained neutrality in the conflict with England and France both countries began attacking US Ships… 1.Adams sends diplomats to France to negotiate. 2.French agents (XYZ) demand a bribe in order to continue discussions 3.Adams refuses to pay… builds up navy… and begins attacking French Ships (Quasi War) 4.France agrees to come back to negotiation ending and future war and keeping neutrality

XYZ Affair Adams… maintains neutrality even though many other Federalists were demanding war with France (Led by Hamilton)

President John Adams – 1796 – 1800 (Federalist) Fear of the French caused America to take precautions at home. Alien & Sedition Acts – Authorized the president to imprison or expel any foreigners he deemed dangerous to the safety of the U.S. Anyone who wrote, said, or printed anything bad about the government could be fined and jailed. That included members of the Republican party. President John Adams Domestic Policies

Reactions to Sedition Acts Democratic- Republicans were enraged at the law’s abuse of the 1 st Amendment 1. Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions: States declared they could ignore federal laws

Election of 1800 Alien and Sedition Acts helped raise the popularity of Democratic-Republicans Thomas Jefferson unseats John Adams in the election of 1800 beating Aaron Burr -- Alexander Hamilton assists Jefferson get elected -- Triggers the events that led Aaron Burr to shoot Hamilton in a duel.

Jefferson’s Domestic Policy Jefferson being an advocate for states and smaller government made moves to shrink government… 1.Shrank Navy 2.Cut Taxes Jefferson faced a problem though from John Marshall (his cousin)

Chief Justice John Marshall, in 1808 said that the Supreme Court has the power to determine whether a law is unconstitutional

The John Marshall Court & Election of Thomas Jefferson Chief Justice John Marshall – Marbury vs. Madison Established the power of judicial review McCulloch vs. Maryland If a federal and a state law conflict, the federal law is supreme. Gibbons vs. Ogden Federal govt control over interstate commerce STRENGTHENED HIS COURT DECISIONS STRENGTHENED THE POWER OF THE SUPREME COURT!

Louisiana Purchase Bonjour! Remember Me? French leader Napoleon presented President Jefferson with the opportunity to buy Louisiana Territory for $15 million (4 cents an acre) The Constitution never said anything about a president being able to buy land. He had to use a loose view of the constitution in order to buy the land.____________________________________________________________ If Jefferson bought the territory, he could 1)DOUBLE THE SIZE OF THE UNITED STATES. 2)gain control over the Mississippi River - trade route - transportation - food - power

Louisiana Purchase Meriwether Lewis William Clark Lewis & Clark Expeditions – Lewis and Clark were sent by Jefferson to map the territory and determine its resources. Took detailed notes on: temperature terrain animals & plants natural resources Natives

War of 1812 The British were seizing American ships that were headed to France. American sailors were captured and forced to fight for the British. U.S. believed in FREEDOM OF THE SEAS. Embargo Act – Passed by Congress to punish Britain. U.S. Exports – 1800 – 1820

War of 1812 The Embargo Act did not work… Many in US Congress (War Hawks) demanded war with Britain because… 1.Further Impressment of sailors 2.British arming Natives in the west

War of 1812 Rebuilding the White House, 1814 NEWSFLASH - U.S. Declares War on Britain War ends in a draw. White House burned by the British War hero emerges – Andrew Jackson “ Star Spangled Banner ” written by Francis Scott Key OUTCOMES OF THE WAR OF 1812 America wanted continue its policy of neutrality Native Americans lose British as an ally in the West