Essential Question Chapter 15 What were the economic, social, and political effects of immigration? 7/1/2016 1

Chapter 15 Vocabulary Terms

Ellis Island An island that is located in Upper New York and New Jersey. It was the gateway for millions of immigrants to United States as the nation's busiest immigrant inspection station from 1892 until 1954.

7/1/2016copyright All Rights Reserved. 4 Tuberculosis A bacterial infection. Characterized by fever and coughing, that spreads easily.

Angel Island An island in the San Francisco Bay that served as a inspection station for those immigrants entering the U.S. from Asia. 7/1/2016copyright All Rights Reserved. 5

Felony Any one of the most serious crimes under the law including murder, rape, and burglary. 7/1/2016copyright All Rights Reserved. 6

Synagogue Place of meeting for worship and religious instruction in the Jewish faith. 7/1/2016copyright All Rights Reserved. 7

Progressive Favoring advancement toward better conditions or new ideas. 7/1/2016copyright All Rights Reserved. 8

Melting Pot A mixture of people from different cultures and races who blend together by abandoning their native languages and cultures. 7/1/2016copyright All Rights Reserved. 9

Nativism The policy of protecting the interests of native inhabitants against those of immigrants. 7/1/2016copyright All Rights Reserved. 10

Chinese Exclusion Act Banned entry to all Chinese except students, teachers, merchants, tourists and government officials. 7/1/2016copyright All Rights Reserved. 11

Gentlemen’s Agreement A agreement between the U.S. and Japanese governments to limit Japanese immigration to the U.S. 7/1/2016copyright All Rights Reserved. 12

Urbanization The growth of cities. 7/1/2016copyright All Rights Reserved. 13

Tenement 7/1/ A multifamily urban dwelling, usually overcrowded and unsanitary.

Settlement Houses A community center providing assistance to residents particularly immigrants in a slum neighborhood. 7/1/2016copyright All Rights Reserved. 15

Jane Addams An anti-war activist, a spokesperson for racial justice and advocate for quality of life issues one of the most influential members of the settlement house movements. 7/1/2016copyright All Rights Reserved. 16

Social Gospel Movement A 19 th century reform movement based on the belief that Christians have a responsibility to help improve working conditions and alleviate poverty. 7/1/2016copyright All Rights Reserved. 17

Patronage An officeholder’s power to appoint people usually those who have helped him or her get elected to positions in government. 7/1/2016copyright All Rights Reserved. 18

Pendleton Civil Service Act of 1883 A law that established a bipartisan civil service commission to make appoints to government jobs by means of the merit system. 7/1/2016copyright All Rights Reserved. 19

Political Machine An organized group that controls a political party in a city and offers services to voters and businesses in exchange for political and financial support. 7/1/2016copyright All Rights Reserved. 20

Mass Transit Transportation systems designed to move large numbers of people along fixed routes. 7/1/2016copyright All Rights Reserved. 21

Chlorination A method of purifying water by mixing with chemical chlorine. 7/1/2016copyright All Rights Reserved. 22

Civil Service The nonmilitary branches of government administration. 7/1/2016copyright All Rights Reserved. 23

Extortion Illegal use of one’s official position to obtain property or funds. 7/1/2016copyright All Rights Reserved. 24

Graft The illegal use of political influence for personal gain. 7/1/2016copyright All Rights Reserved. 25

Americanization Movement Education program designed to help immigrants assimilate to American culture. 7/1/2016copyright All Rights Reserved. 26

William “Boss” Tweed Became the head of Tammany Hall, New York City’s powerful Democratic political machine. 7/1/2016copyright All Rights Reserved. 27