Stoichiometry Mass-Volume Volume-Mass Volume-Volume.

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Stoichiometry Mass-Volume Volume-Mass Volume-Volume

Stoichiometry in 3-D! There are three more types of stoichiometry problems we will deal with today for gases: –Mass-Volume –Volume-Mass –Volume-Volume We have already learned about these three types of conversions: –Mole-Mole –Mass-Mole –Mass-Mass

1 mol of a gas=22.4 L at STP Molar Volume at STP S tandard T emperature & P ressure 0°C and 1 atm

Molar Volume at STP Molar Mass (g/mol) 6.02  particles/mol MASS IN GRAMS MOLES NUMBER OF PARTICLES LITERS OF SOLUTION Molar Volume (22.4 L/mol) LITERS OF GAS AT STP Molarity (mol/L)

Mass-Volume Problems Step 1: Write a BALANCED EQUATION Step 2: Convert Known from mass to moles (molar mass) Step 3: Determine the mole ratio to convert from moles of Known to moles of Unknown Step 4: Convert the Unknown substance from moles to volume in liters (molarity or molar volume)

Example: 2 H 2 + O 2 2 H 2 O 48.0 g H 2 O 2 mol H 2 O 1 mol O 2 = g H 2 O 1 mol H 2 O22.4 L O 2 1 mol O 2 Mass-Volume Problems How many liters of oxygen are necessary to create 48.0 g H 2 O? 29.8 L O 2

Mass-Volume Problem What volume of a 0.5M NiSO 4 solution is produced from 5g of Ni? Ni + FeSO 4  Fe + NiSO 4 5g Ni 1 mol Ni g Ni 1 mol NiSO 4 1 mol Ni 1L NiSO mol NiSO 4 =.17L NiSO 4

Volume-Mass Problems Step 1: Write a BALANCED EQUATION Step 2: Convert Known substance from volume in liters to moles (Molar Mass or Molarity) Step 3: Determine the mole ratio to convert from moles of Known to moles of Unknown Step 4: Convert the Known substance from moles to mass (Molar Mass)

Example: 2 H 2 + O 2 2 H 2 O 36.0 L O 2 1 mol O 2 2 mol H 2 O = 22.4L O 2 1 mol O g H 2 O 1 mol H 2 O Volume-Mass Problems How many grams of water are formed by reacting 36.0 L O 2 ? g H 2 O

Volume-Mass Problem What mass of Al is produced from 5L of a 0.50M AlCl 3 solution? 2AlCl 3  2Al + 3Cl 2 5L AlCl 3.50 mol AlCl 3 1L AlCl 3 2 mol Al 2 mol AlCl g Al 1 mol Al = g Al

Volume-Volume Problems Step 1: Write a BALANCED EQUATION Step 2: Convert Known substance from volume in liters to moles (molar volume or molarity) Step 3: Determine the mole ratio to convert from moles of Known to moles of Unknown Step 4: Convert the Unknown substance from moles to volume in liters (molar volume or molarity)

Example: 2 H 2 + O 2 2 H 2 O 5.0 L O 2 1 mol O 2 2 mol H 2 = 22.4 L O 2 1 mol O L H 2 1 mol H 2 Volume-Volume Problems How many liters of H 2 are required to react with 5.0 L O 2 ? 10. L H 2

Volume-Volume Problem What volume of a.30M Al is produced from 5L of a 0.50M AlCl 3 solution? 2AlCl 3  2Al + 3Cl 2 5L AlCl 3.50 mol AlCl 3 1L AlCl 3 2 mol Al 2 mol AlCl 3 1L Al.30 mol Al = 8.33L Al