 ENERGY HARVESTING THROUGH MECHANICAL STRAIN  ENERGY THROUGH VELOCITY DIFFERENCE  WITRICITY (WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION)  ENERGY HARVESTING THROUGH MECHANICAL STRAIN  ENERGY THROUGH VELOCITY DIFFERENCE  WITRICITY (WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION)

Can you produce electricity while car driving/ walking ? Can you produce electricity while car driving/ walking ? Can you imagine that you can produce electricity by your waste mechanical energy? Can you imagine that you can produce electricity by your waste mechanical energy? Your wasted mechanical work can be used to generate the electric power? Your wasted mechanical work can be used to generate the electric power? Is that possible??????????? Is that possible??????????? Answer is yes. How that we are to see. So wait & watch it. Answer is yes. How that we are to see. So wait & watch it.

Piezoelectricity is the charge which accumulates in certain solid materials in response to applied mechanical strain. The word piezoelectricity means electricity resulting from pressure. It is derived from the Greek peizo or peizen, which means to squeeze or press, and electric or electron, which stands for amber – an ancient source of electric charge. Piezoelectricity is the direct result of the piezoelectric effect. PEIZOELECTRICITY is change in electric polarization with a change in strain due to applied stress.

HOW ITS WORKS ? A piezoelectric disk generates a voltage when deformed (change in shape is greatly exaggerated) The nature of the piezoelectric effect is closely related to the occurrence of electric dipole moment in solids. The latter may either be induced for ions on crystal lattice sites with asymmetric charge surroundings (as in BaTiO3 and PZTs) or may directly be carried by molecular groups (as in cane sugar)  Piezoelectricity may then manifest in a variation of the polarization strength, its direction or both, with the details depending on 1. the orientation of P within the crystal, 2. crystal symmetry and 3. the applied mechanical stress.

Overview of peizo generator This is how one can utilize their wasted mechanical energy for the production of the electricity. Now Question may arise that which will be the peizo electric material for power generation ?

VARIOUS MATERIALS OF THIS KIND  Natural materials   Berlinite(AlPO4), a rare phosphate mineral that is structurally identical to quartz.   Canesugar   Quartz   Rochelle salt   Topaz  Man-made materials   Barium titanate (BaTiO3)—Barium titanate Barium titanate   Lead Titanate(PbTiO3)   Lead Zirconate Titanate(PZT)   Potassium niobate   Lithium niobate

Most economical & efficient peizomaterial As per the latest updates of the princestone university LONDON, the most efficient & economical peizo material for the peizo generator is Lead Zirconate Titanate(PZT). As per the latest updates of the princestone university LONDON, the most efficient & economical peizo material for the peizo generator is Lead Zirconate Titanate(PZT). Its cost is only Its cost is only Moreover it can be given the coefficient of friction of tyre & elasticity same as tyre by VSSP process. Moreover it can be given the coefficient of friction of tyre & elasticity same as tyre by VSSP process. It converts 80% of the mechanical energy to electric power. It converts 80% of the mechanical energy to electric power.

PEIZO GENERATOR PRINCIPLE PRINCIPLE It works on the principle of the electromechanics. Applied stress = force / area. Deformation in the strain = change in length / original length. Whenever you apply the stress, this will get the deformation in the strain. Due to this, there is the oscillation of the charges in the materials. This will eventually produce the electric power. Alternatively, the electrical energy generated by a piezoelectric element can be stored. Techniques used to make multilayer capacitors have been used to construct multilayer piezoelectric generators. Such generators are excellent solid state batteries for electronic circuits.

PRACTICAL APPLICATION 1.It can be used for coatings on the wheels of the vehicles like train, truck, cars, bike etc. 2.It can be also use in the as the coating on the floor at dance clubs & various other public places.. 3.It can be used in the pace makers in the artificial heart implant to charge using the vibration / motion of the lungs.

PZT coating on tyre of the cars to generate electric power. PZT coating on tyre of the cars to generate electric power.

On the dance floor & various public places. On the dance floor & various public places. On the wheel or track of the train. On the wheel or track of the train.

How much electricity is produced while using it as coatings……..? Here there are two forces 1)downward force & 2) f=ma Here there are two forces 1)downward force & 2) f=ma But out of that only But out of that only downward force is taken into consideration as there is no effect by f = ma downward force is taken into consideration as there is no effect by f = ma DOWNWARD FORCE(mg) F= ma

How much electricity is produced while using it as coatings……..? By applying the stress the strain deformation takes place with the velocity of the sound (app. 5 km/s). By applying the stress the strain deformation takes place with the velocity of the sound (app. 5 km/s). So by various calculations based on the peizo- concept, one can get relation that almost 80 % of the mechanical energy is transformed into electrical power. So by various calculations based on the peizo- concept, one can get relation that almost 80 % of the mechanical energy is transformed into electrical power.

Calculation method There are many methods for the calculation of the electric power produced due applied mechanical stress. There are many methods for the calculation of the electric power produced due applied mechanical stress. We will follow simple one We will follow simple one  We know that the only force responsible for power generation is the downward force (mg).  Now one can calculate the stress = force / area.  Considering the area = length * thickness, we get idea about the stress.

continue  Now one can get idea about the deformation of the structure ( strain ).  As per the analytical data, 80% of the stress is responsible for converting into electric power.  So by that we can calculate the output electric pressure (voltage) and electric power.

The only problem ! However the strain will produced for a second only so the power is not continuous. But we require the continuous power. However the strain will produced for a second only so the power is not continuous. But we require the continuous power. The solution is one can make the rectifier circuit or arrange charging & discharging of the capacitor & inductor. The solution is one can make the rectifier circuit or arrange charging & discharging of the capacitor & inductor. But the most economical is the energy harvesting circuit …………. But the most economical is the energy harvesting circuit ………….

A vibrating piezoelectric element can be considered as sinusoidal current source at a particular time (t), i p (t) in parallel with its internal electrode capacitance C p. The magnitude of the polarization current I p varies with mechanical excitation level of the piezoelectric element. These waveforms can be divided into two intervals. In interval 1, denoted as u, the polarization current is chagrin the electrode capacitance of the piezoelectric element. During this time all diodes are reverse biased and no current flows to the output.