How did Great Britain impose political and economic control over the colonies?

Colonies Relationship with England

5d How did Great Britain impose control over the colonies? political – laws and legislature and economic – trade and taxes

Why the Colonists were so ANGRY!!!! No Representation in the English Parliament They had to obey all English laws Opposed all taxes they could not vote on Proclamation of 1763 stopped western settlement

Sources of colonial dissatisfaction The Proclamation of l763, which followed the French and Indian War, restricted the western movement of settlers.

British Taxes The Sugar Act Passed by Parliament Aimed at ending smuggling of molasses The Stamp Act Tax on all printed materials Ex. Newspapers, books, playing cards

1770 Boston Massacre

What sparked the Revolution The Boston Massacre March 5, 1770 Boston colonists were protesting against the British What happened is the soldiers opened fire, killing 5 and wounding 6

Patriots v. Loyalists Patriots Believed in complete independence from England Inspired by the ideas of Locke and Paine and the words of Virginian Patrick Henry (“Give me liberty, or give me death!”) Provided the troops for the American Army, led by George Washington, also of Virginia Loyalists (Tories) Remained loyal to Britain, based on cultural and economic ties Believed that taxation of the colonies was justified to pay for British troops to protect American settlers from Indian attacks

British Taxes The Townshend Act – 1767 Tax on glass, tea

Boston Tea Party

1773 Boston Tea Party Sons of Liberty Led by Samuel Adams and Paul Revere Patriots dumped tea into Boston Harbor to protest tea taxes.

st Continental Congress

First Continental Congress-1774 Delegates met from all colonies (not Georgia) Discuss problems with England Talk about Independence Important People Present

KEY PEOPLE DURING THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR 6c

King George III King during the Revolutionary War Hated the colonists for daring to declare independence None as the “Mad King” or “King who lost America

George Washington Commander of the Continental Army

Meanwhile in the colonies A young Gentleman by the name of Patrick Henry ran for the House of Burgesses He was an impassioned Patriot His famous line “GIVE ME LIBERTY OR GIVE ME DEATH!!!” On-4A

Patrick Henry - Colonist GIVE ME LIBERTY OR GIVE ME DEATH!!!”

Samuel Adams – Sons of Liberty Cousin of John Adams Boston tea Party Delegate to the Continental Congress Signed The Declaration of Independence

John Adams - Wanted Independence form England Delegate to the Continental Congress Signed the Declaration of Independence

Thomas Jefferson Major author of the Declaration of Independence July 4, 1776

Thomas Paine Author of Common Sense Inspired the colonist to, declare independence from Britain.

Benjamin Franklin -----inventor

Benjamin Franklin ---leader Prominent member of the Continental Congress; Helped frame the Declaration of Independence;

Benjamin Franklin -----diplomat Convinced France to join the colonists side against England during the Revolution

Paul Revere Patriot who made a daring ride to warn colonists of British arrival Hang a lantern in the Old North Church one if by land, two if by sea… “The Regulars are coming” (The British are coming)

Phillis Wheatley African American Slave who wrote poems and plays supporting American independence and who eventually gained her freedom

Lord Cornwallis British general who surrendered at Yorktown

Who are these people?

Key People during the Revolutionary War Person British or American Contribution to the Revolution (How they helped) 1. King George III 2. Lord Cornwallis 3. George Washington 4. John Adams 5. Thomas Jefferson 6. Patrick Henry 7. Ben Franklin 8. Phillis Wheatley 9. Paul Revere

1. King George III 2. George Washington 3. Patrick Henry 4. Samuel Adams 5. John Adams 6. Thomas Jefferson Person British or American Contribution to the Revolution (How they helped)

6. Thomas Paine 7. Ben Franklin 8. Paul Revere 9. Lord Cornwallis 11. Betsy Ross 12.Phillis Wheatley Person British or American Contribution to the Revolution (How they helped)

Key People during the Revolutionary War Person British or American Contribution to the Revolution (How they helped) 1. King George III England- King of Britain during the Revolution 2. Lord Cornwallis EnglandBritish General who surrendered at Yorktown 3. George Washington AmericaCommander of the Continental Army 4. John Adams AmericaBelieved in Independence and convinced other people 5. Thomas Jefferson AmericaWrote the Declaration of Independence 6. Patrick Henry AmericaMember of the House of Burgesses Inspired Patriotism. “GIVE ME LIBERTY OR GIVE ME DEATH!!!” 7. Ben Franklin America1. Member of the Continental Congress 2. Convinced the French to help out America 8. Phillis Wheatley America1. Slave that wrote poems and plays supporting Independence 2. Eventually freed 9. Paul Revere AmericaPatriot that warned colonists the British were coming

Key Events during the Revolutionary War EventSignificance (Why it is important) 1. Boston Massacre Colonists in Boston were shot after taunting British Soldiers 2. Boston Tea Party Samuel Adams and Paul Revere led Patriots in throwing tea into Boston Harbor to protest Tea taxes 3. First Continental Congress Delegates met from all colonies (not Georgia) Discuss problems with England Talk about Independence 4. Battles at Lexington & Concord 5. Approval of Declaration of Independence 6. Battle of Saratoga 7.Surrender at Yorktown 8. Treaty of Paris

Warm UP What do you know about what happened in these two pictures?

REVOLUTIONARY WAR

Lexington and Concord-1775 “Shot heard around the world” First armed conflict during the Revolution

April 19, 1775 Lexington and Concord

May 10, 1775 Second Continental Congress

June 17, 1775 Bunker Hill

July 2, 1776 Declaration of Independence

Declaration of Independence July 4, 1776 Colonies declared independence Written by Thomas Jefferson Big Ideas Unalienable Rights Government protects you Government gets power from people Right and duty to change the government

IDEAS 6b Declaration of Independence

The American Revolution The war began in 1775 (Before the Declaration of Independence) There were three groups of Colonists during the war 1. Patriots; I WANT INDEPENDENCE! 2. Loyalists; GO KING! 3. People who Didn’t care one way or the other The Declaration of Independence was written to…. Complain to the King Declare our Freedom from the King

Who influenced our Declaration of Independence? Two European Philosopher’s (From England) Believed that individuals should have rights Didn’t like powerful government John Locke

John Locke and Thomas Paine People have Natural Rights Government power is limited If the government is doing something wrong, the people have the right to get rid of it Wrote a book called COMMON SENSE Challenged the rule of the colonies by the King Believed that a well informed people could run their government better than any King

The Declaration of Independence The eventual draft of the Declaration of Independence, authored by Thomas Jefferson of Virginia, reflected the ideas of Locke and Paine: “We hold these truths to be self evident…” “That to secure these rights…” “That whenever any form of government becomes destructive…” Grievances against the king

Ideas in the Declaration of Independence Unalienable Rights Life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness

July 2, 1776 Declaration of Independence

December 25, 1776 Washington crossing the Delaware

Warm Up What important ideas are represented in these pictures?

Battle of Saratoga The Turning Point in the Revolution American Victory! France decides to join our side

October 1777 Battle of Saratoga

December 19, 1777 Valley Forge

August 1781 Battle of Yorktown – last battle of the war

French ships blockade British troops

Battle of Yorktown The last battle of the war Lord Cornwallis is forced to surrender to Washington

1783 Treaty of Paris Treaty ended the American Revolution and made England recognize that the United States was independent

Treaty of Paris 2 years after the war. English representatives met with Ben Franklin and others in Paris, France Agreed to end the war Recognize American Independence

Key Events during the Revolutionary War EventSignificance (Why it is important) 1. Boston Massacre Colonists in Boston were shot after taunting British Soldiers 2. Boston Tea Party Samuel Adams and Paul Revere led Patriots in throwing tea into Boston Harbor to protest Tea taxes 3. First Continental Congress 1.Delegates (Representatives) from all colonies but Georgia met in Philadelphia 2. Discussed problems with King and independence 4. Battles at Lexington & Concord The First armed battle of the Revolution 5. Approval of Declaration of Independence July 4 th Battle of Saratoga 1.America victory 2.Turning Point of the war (France joins us) 7.Surrender at Yorktown 1. America wins when Lord Cornwallis surrenders 2. End of the Revolution 8. Treaty of Paris Signed by England, officially recognizes that America is independent

Warm Up What treaty ended the American Revolution and made England recognize that the United States was independent?

Why were we able to win? (You need to turn to page 264) Support from France Strong Leadership! Defense of our own land (home field advantage) Patriotism