Bellwork – 12/1/14 Explain 2 causes for the Civil War Explain 2 causes for the Civil War

The Civil War: Part I 5.3 *Warning: Some of the photos are graphic*

The Civil War The Civil War started in 1861 and ended four years later in 1865 The Civil War started in 1861 and ended four years later in ,000 men died 618,000 men died Took more American lives than any other war in history. Took more American lives than any other war in history. Divided the people of the US. In some families brother fought against brother. Divided the people of the US. In some families brother fought against brother. Left a heritage of grief and bitterness that declined very slowly and even today has not fully disappeared. Left a heritage of grief and bitterness that declined very slowly and even today has not fully disappeared. Started due to the issue of states rights. It was not about slavery. However, by the end of the war slavery was the central issue and the war became a war over slavery in the course of four years. Started due to the issue of states rights. It was not about slavery. However, by the end of the war slavery was the central issue and the war became a war over slavery in the course of four years. Federal government proved itself supreme over the states. Federal government proved itself supreme over the states.

#16 Abraham Lincoln R ( ) Tallest president Tallest president First president to be assassinated First president to be assassinated Suffered from depression Suffered from depression Kept things like notes, letters, and bills in his hat. Kept things like notes, letters, and bills in his hat. Robert Lincoln (his son) seemed to experience a lot of assassination tragedy. His father was assassinated, he was an eyewitness to the assassination of Garfield, and at the Worlds Fair during the assassination of McKinley. Robert Lincoln (his son) seemed to experience a lot of assassination tragedy. His father was assassinated, he was an eyewitness to the assassination of Garfield, and at the Worlds Fair during the assassination of McKinley. His life was saved by the brother of Lincoln’s assassin. His life was saved by the brother of Lincoln’s assassin. Had visions that foresaw his own assassination. Had visions that foresaw his own assassination. Wrote his own speeches. Wrote his own speeches.

Confederate States of America (CSA) SC seceded on Dec. 20, 1860 SC seceded on Dec. 20, 1860 SC was followed by TX, LA, AR, TN, MS, AL, GA, FL, NC, VA in SC was followed by TX, LA, AR, TN, MS, AL, GA, FL, NC, VA in Jefferson Davis was elected president of the CSA. Jefferson Davis was elected president of the CSA. Began occupying federal buildings, post offices, forts and other federal government property Began occupying federal buildings, post offices, forts and other federal government property

White House of the ConfederacySeal of the Confederacy

Northern View of Jeff Davis

Fort Sumter: The War Begins Most of the forts in the South had relinquished their power to the Confederacy, but Fort Sumter was among the two that didn’t. Most of the forts in the South had relinquished their power to the Confederacy, but Fort Sumter was among the two that didn’t. –its supplies were running out against a besieging South Carolinian army –Lincoln chose to send supplies to the fort, –However, to the South, provisions were reinforcements, and on April 12, 1861, cannons were fired onto the fort; after 34 hours of non- lethal firing, the fort surrendered. Northerners were inflamed by the South’s actions, and Lincoln now called on 75,000 volunteers; so many came that they had to be turned away. Northerners were inflamed by the South’s actions, and Lincoln now called on 75,000 volunteers; so many came that they had to be turned away. The Deep South (which had already seceded), felt that Lincoln was now waging an aggressive war, and was joined by four more Southern states: Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina. The Deep South (which had already seceded), felt that Lincoln was now waging an aggressive war, and was joined by four more Southern states: Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina. –The capital of the Confederacy was moved from Montgomery, AL to Richmond, VA.

Explosion at Fort Sumter

Fort Sumter

Bellwork Write a random word on the card. It can be a person, place, or thing. Write a random word on the card. It can be a person, place, or thing. Be sure it is school appropriate. Be sure it is school appropriate.

North’s vs. South’s advantages South Needs draw to win Needs draw to win Most talented officers Most talented officers –Robert E. Lee –Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson Few factories Few factories Shortage of supplies Shortage of supplies Smaller economy Smaller economy Fighting for their own independence Fighting for their own independenceNorth Must conquer to win Must conquer to win Huge population Huge population Standing army & navy Standing army & navy Less talented officers Less talented officers –Ulysses S. Grant Many factories Many factories More supplies More supplies Huge economy Huge economy Large transportation system Large transportation system

Lincoln’s Goals Preserve the Union Preserve the Union Keep the border states on the side of the Union Keep the border states on the side of the Union Keep foreign countries from helping the Confederacy Keep foreign countries from helping the Confederacy What’s missing???

What’s Missing??? Ending Slavery (not a goal of Lincoln) Ending Slavery (not a goal of Lincoln) “My paramount object in this struggle is to save the Union, and is not either to save or to destroy slavery. If I could save the Union without freeing any slave I would do it, and if I could save it by freeing all the slaves I would do it; and if I could save it by freeing some and leaving others alone I would also do that.” (Lincoln's Letter to Horace Greeley) “My paramount object in this struggle is to save the Union, and is not either to save or to destroy slavery. If I could save the Union without freeing any slave I would do it, and if I could save it by freeing all the slaves I would do it; and if I could save it by freeing some and leaving others alone I would also do that.” (Lincoln's Letter to Horace Greeley) Lincoln was against slavery, but did not think it was practical to end it immediately. Lincoln was against slavery, but did not think it was practical to end it immediately.

Diplomacy The South was depending on foreign intervention to win the war, but didn’t get it. The South was depending on foreign intervention to win the war, but didn’t get it. Had some support internationally Had some support internationally –Often this support was due to the fact that other nations did not want to disrupt the supply of cotton - Cotton Diplomacy –Many nations saw the war as a war for independence of a new nation - the Confederacy –Also a weaker US was in the interest of Europeans - less competition

Jefferson Davis vs. Abraham Lincoln Davis’ office is weaker Davis’ office is weaker Confederacy means weak national government Confederacy means weak national government Davis never really that popular Davis never really that popular Lincoln had an established government Lincoln had an established government

Bending the Law Illegally proclaiming a blockade Illegally proclaiming a blockade Laws w/o Congressional consent Laws w/o Congressional consent Troops sent to border states Troops sent to border states Suspension of habeas corpus Suspension of habeas corpus Intimidation of voters in border states Intimidation of voters in border states Lincoln was willing to bend or even break the law to defend the Union at all costs. The Confederacy was not. -This gave the North an advantage

Draftees At first many volunteers, but the enthusiasm slacked off. At first many volunteers, but the enthusiasm slacked off. First ever conscription law (draft) passed First ever conscription law (draft) passed –Rich could hire substitutes by paying Congress $300 – angered poor –Draft riots (big one in New York City) Volunteers 90% of Union Army Volunteers 90% of Union Army South started draft nearly a year before the north – also had privileges for rich. Those who owned or oversaw 20 slaves or more were exempt from the draft. South started draft nearly a year before the north – also had privileges for rich. Those who owned or oversaw 20 slaves or more were exempt from the draft.

Buy Your Way Out of Military Service

Recruiting Irish Immigrants, NYC

Recruiting African Americans in NYC

NYC Draft Riots - July 13-16, 1863

Battle Research 1.1 st Bull Run 2.2 nd Bull Run 3.Antietam 4.Gettysburg 5.Vicksburg 6.Sherman’s March to the Sea 7.Chancellorsville 8.Chattanooga When was the battle Where was the battle Who won the battle What happened in the battle Why is the battle important Who were the important people

Bellwork Why did America fight the Civil War? Why did America fight the Civil War? Who was president of the CSA? Who was president of the CSA? Why did the Confederacy attack Ft. Sumter? Why did the Confederacy attack Ft. Sumter? Which side do you think had the better ability to make war and why? Which side do you think had the better ability to make war and why?

Read pgs Define the following terms 1.Civil Rights, black codes, Reconstruction, pardon, Freedman’s Bureau, carpetbaggers, scalawags, impeach 2. In 5-7 sentences explain how the Civil War ended. 3. What were the two plans for Reconstruction after the war? Explain both of them 4. What are the 13 th, 14 th, and 15 th Amendment? Explain why these amendments were created.