Wars TAKS Review

1.Who were the two main combatants of the French and Indian War?

England and France

2.Different groups of _______ allied themselves with the primary combatants of both sides.

Native Americans

3.The conflict associated with the French and Indian War began because both sides laid claim to the ____________

Ohio River Valley

4.After the French and Indian War the ____________ claimed all of North America east of the Mississippi River.

English

5.What effect did the French and Indian War have on Great Britain financially?

Great Britain went into severe debt.

The American Revolution

6.The ______________ was a law that required all colonists to provide shelter and supplies to British soldiers.

Quartering Act

7.The ____________________ was a law that required all legal and commercial documents to carry an official stamp showing that a tax had been paid

Stamp Act

8.The _________________ were a popular secret society established to protest and oppose British tyranny.

Sons of Liberty

9.List some various import goods that were taxed as a result of the Townshend Acts.

Glass, paper, paint, lead, tea

10.Who was Samuel Adams?

A leader of the Boston Sons of Liberty

11.What was the Boston Massacre?

Boston colonists angry about British troops in Their city. Began insulting troops. Soon the nervous troops fired into the crowd. It was used as propaganda against Britain.

12. The ___________ was a law that established a tax on tea.

Tea Act

13.What was the Boston Tea Party?

In response to the Tea Act, Boston colonists disguised as Native Americans dumped 342 chests of tea into the Boston Harbor

14.The _________________ were a series of laws established by Parliament to punish the Mass. Colony & serve as a warning to the other colonies.

Intolerable Acts

15.The battles of _____________________ were the first battles of the Revolutionary War.

Lexington and Concord

16.In response to the emerging conflict with Britain, the 2 nd Continental Congress established the ____________ Army under the command of ___________________

Continental George Washington

17.Who wrote the pamphlet Common Sense, which argued that the colonies should break away from Great Britain?

Thomas Paine

18.On what date did the Second Continental Congress adopt the Declaration of Independence?

July 4, 1776

19. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

Thomas Jefferson

20.To whom was the Declaration of Independence written?

King George III

21.With what job did the second Continental Congress appoint Ben Franklin during the Revolution?

Ambassador to France

22.What was the significance of the Battles of Saratoga?

It was the turning point because it convinced France to enter the conflict as an ally to the Americans.

23.What was the Marquis de Lafayette’s role during the Revolution?

He was a French noble men who fought as a division commander in Washington’s Army.

24.What was the significance of the Battle of Yorktown?

It was an American victory when General Cornwallis surrendered to Washington.

25.Explain the Treaty of Paris.

Ended war, seceded land between Miss. River and Appalachian Mtns. to the U.S.

The War of 1812

26.What were the reasons that many Americans wanted to go to war with Great Britain in 1812?

British were impressing American sailors and encouraging Native Americans in the West to attack Americans.

27.What does impressment mean?

Forcing American sailors to join the British Navy against their will.

28.Westerners that were calling for war were known as ____________________

War Hawks

29.___________________ was the author of The Star-Spangled Banner, which was a poem that describes what battle?

Francis Scott Key The Battle of Fort McHenry

30.What battle made Andrew Jackson a national hero, and was unknowingly fought after the war had officially ended?

Battle of New Orleans

31.Explain the legacy of the War of 1812.

1.We wanted to be more self-sufficient 2. Increased American patriotism 3.Weakened Native American resistance

War with Mexico

32.What caused the conflict between the U.S. and Mexico?

President Polk annexed Texas which Mexico Still viewed as theirs. There was also a border dispute.

33.The two commanding generals during the war with Mexico were ________________________ and ___________________

Zachary Taylor Winfield Scott

34.Explain the significance and the results of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo.

Ended the war and handed over the Mexican Cession to the United States.

35.What was the Mexican Cession?

Vast area that included California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and parts of New Mexico, Colorado, and Wyoming. CA, NV, UT, AZ, NM, CO, WY

The Civil War

36.Explain the significance of the Missouri Compromise of 1820.

New states admitted to Union North of 36 th parallel will be free. New states admitted to the South will be slave.

37.Explain the significance of the Compromise of 1850.

California enters Union as a free state and the Fugitive Slave Act is passed.

39.Who wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin?

Harriet Beecher Stowe

40. Explain the significance of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

The territories of Kansas and Nebraska will be admitted to the Union as free or slave based on popular sovereignty.

41.What does popular sovereignty mean?

42.What was “Bleeding Kansas”?

Anti-slavery and Pro-slavery people flooded into Kansas to effect the vote and violence broke out between the two groups.

43.The problems caused by the Kansas- Nebraska Act led to the creation of what political party?

The Republican Party

44.Explain the ruling in Dred Scott v. Sandford.

African Americans were not citizens and could not sue in court. Also that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional.

45. Who was John Brown and what was he known for?

Fanatical abolitionist who raided the Harpers Ferry, VA arsenal in hopes of creating a slave uprising.

46.Who won the election of 1860?

Abraham Lincoln

47.What did southern states do in response to Lincoln winning the election?

They seceded from the Union.

48.Who was the president of the Confederacy?

Jefferson Davis

49.Where were the first shots fired during the Civil War?

Fort Sumter

50.What did Lincoln do in response to the attack on Fort Sumter?

He called for 75,000 volunteer soldiers

51. What did the other southern states do in response to Lincoln’s actions?

They seceded from the Union.

52.The Union’s strategy was known as _______________________ which consisted of _______________________

Anaconda Plan *blockading their coast to cut off supplies *controlling Miss. R. to cut the Confederacy in two.

53.Confederate strategy depended on _____________________ as a way to win foreign support.

King Cotton

54.This battle is often referred to as the “bloodiest one day in American History”

Battle of Antietam

55.What specifically did Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation do?

It freed only the slaves in the Confederacy as a war tactic.

56.In what way did the Emancipation Proclamation alter the Union’s strategic goals for the war?

It changed from being about bringing the Southern states back to the Union and added freeing the slaves.

57.Who was General Robert E. Lee?

Commanding General of the Army of Northern Virginia

58.Who was Ulysses S. Grant?

Successful Union general in the west who later became commander of entire Union army.

60.Explain the Battle of Gettysburg and its significance.

Lee’s 2 nd attempt to Invade North. Union Victory. Regarded as the turning point.

59.What was the significance of the Union capturing Vicksburg?

It completed the Anaconda Plan and split the Confederacy in half. Union gained control of Miss. River

61.Explain Grant’s final plan to defeat the South.

Sherman’s total war and Grant will finish off Lee in Virginia.

62.Where did Lee surrender to Grant?

Appomattox Court House, VA

63.During what years did the Civil War occur?