Understanding the Skill Requirements Effective Management: Define critical requirements of works Transfer knowledge & skills

Quality: Variation minimization – How to make one million products that has the same level of quality: smartphones Job analysis – Standardization of operations – Transfer knowledge – 半導體晶圓廠擴廠 – MacDonald’s university

Job Classification All works is a mix of – Specific skills – Tasks – Accumulated knowledge – Ability to make appropriate decisions

Service & Technical Jobs vs Manufacturing Jobs Toyota has – Assembly lines – Production control people running computers – Maintenance people service all equipment – Product designer design new cars

The frequency of job repetition is different The nature and characteristics of job is quite similar

Framework for classifying jobs – Task variety How many different Types of Tasks does the Job required? – Tightening a bolt – Entering data into a CAD systems – Task analyzability Specify the content of task Sequencing the tasks

Routine work, clearly specified Roles Responsibility Work procedures Detailed daily time schedules – Perform the job mindlessly OR – Kaizen through accumulated know-how & coaching

Technician work Perform a variety of tasks Sequence can vary depending on situation Individual task can be prespecified with cookbook-like instructions Accumulated know-how needed to solve real problems

Craft work Definable number of different tasks required Situation faced is also different Teamwork and communications Accumulated know-how

– Nonroutine work Fundamental skills needed Take complex data to make complex decision

Developing exceptional people in different types of jobs

Skill requirement

Fundamental skills – Applicable to all job situation – Routine and repetitive – Nonroutine and repeated in a random sequence – First learned off-line if possible

Ancillary tasks – Secondary & supportive in nature – Not necessarily needed to perform core tasks Ex: car maintenance by mechanics Knowledge of policies & use of judgement – Ex: traffic signs – Safety for self and others

Accumulated know-how – Enable self to know instinctively what to do Driving at night Country road Winter conditions

Skills needed for skilled driving