Your Body Systems

Chapter Overview   Lesson 1: Your Body Systems   Lesson 2: Nutrition   Lesson 3: The Benefits of Physical Activity   Lesson 4: Understanding Your Body Image   Lesson 5: First Aid Chapter 3, Lesson 1

Lesson Overview  Functions of the human skeletal system  How your muscular system works  The human circulatory system  The human respiratory system  How the nervous system and sense organs work Chapter 3, Lesson 1

The Human Skeletal System  Your body’s framework  Three main functions of the skeletal system:  Support and protection  Movement  Storage and production of materials Chapter 3, Lesson 1 Photo Courtesy of Fotolia

Kinds of Bones  Your body has more than 200 bones  Four basic kinds of bones  Long bones  Short bones  Flat bones  Irregular bones  Long bones have larger ends that form a joint with another bone Chapter 3, Lesson 1 Photo Courtesy of Fotolia

Caring for Your Skeletal System  Eat food with nutrients and vitamins  Phosphorus is in dairy products, dark green leafy vegetables, beans, and whole grains  Milk is fortified with vitamin D and contains calcium  Do regular physical activity to strengthen bones Chapter 3, Lesson 1 Photo Courtesy of Fotolia

Types of Muscles  The three types of muscles  Smooth-are involuntary  Skeletal-are voluntary  Cardiac-are involuntary Chapter 3, Lesson 1 Photo Courtesy of Fotolia

The Muscular System  All body movements depend on muscles  Your body has about 600 muscles  Exercise and healthy eating are important for good muscle tone  To keep your muscles strong and healthy, do daily regular physical activity Chapter 3, Lesson 1 Photo Courtesy of Fotolia

The Human Circulatory System  Your body’s transportation system  Blood carries food and oxygen to every cell  Blood is made up of:  Red blood cells-carry oxygen and remove carbon dioxide  White blood cells- are used to fight disease and germs  Platelets-smallest parts and provide clotting Chapter 3, Lesson 1 Photo Courtesy of Fotolia

The Human Circulatory System, cont.  Your heart pumps blood to all parts of your body and blood vessels distribute blood throughout your body  Average heart beats 72 times a minute  Three kinds of blood vessels  Arteries-largest vessels, carry blood away from the heart  Capillaries-smallest vessels, connects arteries and veins  Veins-carry blood back to your heart Chapter 3, Lesson 1 Photo Courtesy of Fotolia

The Human Respiratory System  Brings a constant supply of oxygen from air into your body  Gets oxygen into your body  Also gets rid of carbon dioxide, a waste product  You breath about 20 times a minute Chapter 3, Lesson 1 Photo Courtesy of Fotolia

The Nervous System  Central nervous system  Made up of the brain and the spinal cord  The brain has three main parts: the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem  Peripheral nervous system  Carries messages between your brain and spinal cord and the rest of your body Chapter 3, Lesson 1 Photo Courtesy of Fotolia

The Nervous System -The cerebrum, is the part of the brain that lets a person read, think, and remember -The cerebellum, is the part of the brain that controls balance and helps coordinate muscular activities -The brain stem, connects the cerebrum to the cerebellum Chapter 3, Lesson 1 Photo Courtesy of Fotolia

The Sense of Sight  Light enters the eye through the cornea  The cornea sends the light to the pupil  The lens helps direct the light energy onto the retina  Save your eyes by  wearing safety glasses Chapter 3, Lesson 1 Photo Courtesy of Fotolia

The Sense of Hearing  Outer ear picks up air vibrations and sends them to your eardrum  Your brain interprets the message and tells you what kind of sound you have heard  Save your hearing, by using earplugs, and turn down the music!! Chapter 3, Lesson 1 Photo Courtesy of Fotolia

The Senses of Smell and Taste  Nose  Receptor cells send messages through nerves  Can pick up thousands of different odors  Tongue  Can recognize only four kinds of taste: sweet, salty, sour, and bitter Chapter 3, Lesson 1 Photo Courtesy of Fotolia

The Sense of Touch  Your skin is your body’s largest organ  Sense receptors all over your skin receive different sensations  Sense receptors send messages through the nerves to your spinal cord and brain Chapter 3, Lesson 1 Photo Courtesy of Fotolia

The Human Digestive System  The digestive system breaks down food for your body’s use  Chewing is part of mechanical digestion  The enzyme in saliva begins to break down the food chemically  Food stays in your stomach for three to four hours Chapter 3, Lesson 1 Photo Courtesy of Fotolia

Activity 1: Muscle Injuries  Research and locate a news article about a specific muscle injury  Identify the injury, medical evaluation, and treatment  Take notes and answer the question Chapter 3, Lesson 1

Summary  Functions of the human skeletal system  How your muscular system works  The human circulatory system  The human respiratory system  How the nervous system and sense organs work  The human digestive system Chapter 3, Lesson 1