Cells and Systems Parkland

Cells & Living Things What are living things made of? Early idea: all living things are made of air, fire and water

Now: all living things are made of cells (cell theory) Cell: the basic, functional unit of life

ORGANISMS Living things are often referred to as organisms. Before a thing can be classified as an organism, it must show all of the characteristics of living things.

Characteristics of Living Things All living things...  Are composed of cells  Grow and Repair  Reproduce  Move-requires energy  Respond to stimuli or environment  Have a life span  Produce waste

Growth and Repair A result of the cells in your body increasing in number New cells will grow to replace old cells that die. Examples: Growth-Tree growing taller Repair-Broken bones, cuts

Movement-Requires Energy A change in position, shape or location (locomotion) Plants get energy from the sun. Animals get energy by eating plants or other animals.

Respond to Stimuli or Environment Stimulus: anything that causes an organism to react. Maybe external or internal

Identify the stimulus & response

Reproduction Producing more of the same kind (offspring)

Have a Life span Living things exist for only a limited period of time.

Produce Wastes The living organism produces waste for example our kidneys filter waste from our blood to produce urine. Humans and other animals also produce carbon dioxide as waste through breathing. Plants produces oxygen as waste

The Cell Theory states: 1. The cell is the basic unit of life. 2. All living things are made of one or more cells. 3. All cells come from other living cells.

Using a Microscope Parkland

The Compound Light Microscope

PARTFUNCTION EyepieceThe lens you look through, magnifies the specimen (ocular) usually by 10 times Body tube (barrel)Holds the ocular lens and supports the objective lenses Coarse adjustment knobUsed to focus when using the low power objective Fine adjustment knobUsed to focus when using the high power objective to bring the specimen into sharp focus Objective lensesMagnifies the specimen usually 4 times for low power, 10 times for medium power, 40 times for high power Revolving nosepieceRotates allowing the objective lens to be changed. Each lens clicks into place StageWhere the slide is placed allows light to pass through Iris diaphragmRegulates the amount of light reaching the objective lens Light sourceProvides light (mirror/lamp) BaseSupports the microscope ArmSupports upper parts of the microscope, used to carry the lenses. The Microscope parts functions

Total Magnification... power of objective lens power of eyepiece lens

Core Lab Activity 1.2 Setting Up and Using a Microscope Pg.18 & 19