 Beginning with Haiti and running through the 1830s, most of the colonial possessions in Central and South America gained their independence.

 1. “... the American continents... Henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers”  2. that the political system of Europe was different from the U.S., and we would “consider any attempt on their part to extend their system to any portion of this hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and safety”  3. the U.S. will not interfere with existing European colonies in the western hemisphere  4. the U.S. will keep out of the internal affairs of European nations and their wars

 Guerilla revolutionaries in Cuba  USS Maine  Invasion of Cuba  Attack of Manila Bay  Victory

 U.S. doesn’t ‘own’ Cuba, but...  We can protect Cuba  Permanent base at... Guantanamo Bay

 Taft and Roosevelt’s approach to Latin America  Encourage American bankers to invest in countries, supported by the United States military  Haiti, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Honduras

The Panama Canal U.S. supports revolution against Colombia, then signs treaty with new Panama for land and rights to build Canal The Roosevelt Corollary Since the Monroe Doctrine prohibited intervention in Latin America by Europeans, the United States was justified in intervening first to forestall the actions of outsiders. “chronic wrongdoing... may in America, as elsewhere, ultimately require intervention by some civilized nation, and in the Western Hemisphere the adherence of the United States to the Monroe Doctrine may force the U.S., however reluctantly, in flagrant cases of such wrongdoing or importance, to the exercise of an international police power”

The Good Neighbor Policy s Harding Administration (1921) agreed to pay Colombia $25 million for America’s use of Panama Canal rights American troops left the Dominican Republic U.S. marines left Nicaragua, return next year due to civil war, stay until U.S. - Mexican relations improve over compensation due America because of Mexican civil war Pan-American Conference in Havana FDR supported a resolution declaring no nation “has the right to intervene in the internal or external affairs of another”

Cuba ? January 1, ‘59, Fidel Castro’s guerillas defeat dictator Fulgenicio Batista’s government forces. At first, the U.S. is sympathetic to Castro’s revolution, but they quickly realize his socialist/communist tendencies, and they change approaches. The Bay of Pigs - April New President Kennedy accepts Ike’s plans, supports invasion of Cuba by Cuban exiles, armed with U.S. weapons. JFK has a change of heart, turns into fiasco Cuban Missile Crisis - October 1962

The Alliance for Progress Kennedy’s attempt to make peace in Latin America “a free and prosperous Latin America” that would be less likely to support Communist-inspired revolutions U.S. pledged $20 billion dollars to help establish better schools, housing, health care, and fairer land distribution. Some countries (Chile, Colombia, Venezuela, Central America) did improve their nations. Others saw dictators keep money to prop up their control.