Major Social Problems of COLOMBIA

IDPs/Refugees

Internally Displaced People- IDP  An internally displaced person (IDP) is someone who is forced to flee his or her home but who remains within his or her country's borders.  threats, fear, massacres, killings, battles, disappearances, armed attacks and torture, most native Colombians are forced to leave and have to survive under dire circumstances

 At least 2.5 million internally displaced persons, half of whom are under the age of 18  The second highest population of IDPs after Sudan.  Most of them do not want to define themselves as displaced due to the constant fear of further persecution and discrimination or to secure their access of employment, education and health

IDPs Access to Rights

IDP  the highest level of displacement took place in 2002 since  With a 20% increase from 2001, approximately 412,500 people were forced to flee in  Between 2002 and2003, about 292,000 Colombians had become IDPs.  In 2010, 280,000 people were newly displaced and create an estimated total of 5.2 million IDPs up to December  This cumulative figure amounts to almost 12 % of the national population

Refugees  Between 175,000 and 220,000 Colombians were living as refugees or in refugee-like circumstances.

Registered vs. Estimated Estimated Number of Refugees; Formally Registered Refugees; 75,000 in Ecuador; 9,000 in Ecuador 50,000 to 75,000 in Venezuela 1,000 in Venezuela 20,000 to 50,000 in Costa Rica 7,500 in Costa Rica 20,000 in Panama 1,000 in Panama

Health

 Total expenditures on health constituted 5.6 % of gross domestic product in 2005 and increased to 6.4% in 2009  Urban cities like Bogota, Medellin and Cali have almost 95% of coverage  Rural areas have close to 60%.  Estimated 20 million people who do not have access to the health care

Health Care System  Two major plans; 1. Subsidized Health Plan. Strata 1 to 2, government pay for it 2. Contributory Health Plan; Strata 3 to 6 pay for their plan

Impact of Armed Conflict  Inadequate health expenditure  Blockage of humanitarian supply  Frequent attacks on the Medical Mission  Children suffer from serious diseases and child dead becomes unavoidable  Spread of transmissible diseases like HIV/AIDS.

EDUCATION

Education  Primary Education; 6-11 ages  Secondary Education; ages  Higher Education; 17-aboveages

Primary vs. Secondary

School Enrollment

Armed Conflict IMPACT  Child recruitment  Economic shocks to households  Life expectancy  School Quality