ENCOUNTERS AND FOUNDATIONS TO 1800. HISTORY MEETS LITERATURE 500 YEARS AGO EUROPEAN EXPLORERS FIRST SET FOOT ON THIS CONTINENT. MANY HISTORIANS FALSELY.

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Presentation transcript:

ENCOUNTERS AND FOUNDATIONS TO 1800

HISTORY MEETS LITERATURE 500 YEARS AGO EUROPEAN EXPLORERS FIRST SET FOOT ON THIS CONTINENT. MANY HISTORIANS FALSELY REFERRED TO NORTH AMERICA AS THE “NEW WORLD.” “COLOMBUS DID NOT DISCOVER A NEW WORLD; HE ESTABLISHED CONTACT BETWEEN TWO WORLDS, BOTH ALREADY OLD.

NATIVE AMERICANS AND THE COLONISTS THE TWO GROUPS BECAME INTERDEPENDENT ON EACH OTHER: THE INDIANS TAUGHT THE COLONISTS SURVIVAL SKILLS WHILE THE COLONISTS TRADED FIREARMS TO THE INDIANS LAND BRIDGE/BERING STRAIT SADLY, THE EUROPEANS BROUGHT DISEASES LIKE SMALLPOX WITH THEM THAT THE NATIVE POPULATION HAD NO IMMUNITY TO. SOMETIMES WHOLE VILLAGES PERISHED THE END RESULT WAS THAT THE EUROPEANS BEGAN FLOURISHING AND TAKING OVER PREVIOUSLY OCCUPIED INDIAN COMMUNITIES. (CHICAGO/PHILADELPHIA)

THE PURITANS THE GROUP WAS ESTABLISHED IN THE 1560S WHICH SOUGHT TO PURIFY THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND BY ELIMINATING EVERY SHRED OF CATHOLIC INFLUENCE. THEY DID NOT BELIEVE THE CLERGY OF GOVERNMENT SHOULD OR COULD GET BETWEEN AN INDIVIDUAL AND GOD THE PURITANS WERE PERSUCUTED IN ENGLAND SO MANY FLED TO HOLLAND. A SMALL GROUP IN HOLLAND LED BY WILLIAM BRADFORD SET SAIL FOR THE NEW WORLD. THEY LANDED IN PLYMOUTH IN 1620.

PURITANS ON A PERSONAL LEVEL THEY BELIEVED IN PREDESTINATION. MEANING GOD PLANNED ETERNAL DAMNATION FOR SOME PEOPLE AND ETERNAL SALVATION FOR OTHERS. SO THE PURITANS WERE ALWAYS LOOKING FOR SIGNS IF THEY WERE PART OF THE ELECT (SAVED) OR THE UNREGENERATE (DAMNED). THE STRUGGLE BETWEEN FLESH AND THE SPIRIT. (BRADSTREET HOUSE BURNING) THEY BELIEVED IN THE DEPRAVITY OF MAN…. THROUGH ADAM AND EVES FALL, EVERY PERSON IS BORN SINFUL. THEY BELIEVED THAT THE BIBLE WAS THE INSPIRED WORD OF GOD. THEY PLACED A SERIOUS EMPHASIS ON EDUCATION, AND THEY WANTED THEIR YOUTH TO BE ABLE TO UNDERSTAND AND DEBATE THEOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES. THEY ESTABLISHED HARVARD UNIVERSITY TO TRAIN PURITAN MINISTERS.

AGE OF REASON BEGAN IN THE LATE 17 TH CENTURY AND CHALLENGED MANY OF THE PURITAN BELIEFS THIS MOVEMENTS STARTED WITH SCIENTISTS AND PHILOSOPHERS WHO CALLED THEMSELVES “RATIONALISTS.” RATIONALISM IN THE BELIEF THAT HUMAN BEINGS CAN ARRIVE AT TRUTH BY USING REASON, RATHER THAN RELYING ON THE AUTHORITY OF THE PAST, ON RELIGIOUS FAITH, OR ON INTUITION. SIR ISAAC NEWTON WAS A FAMOUS RATIONALIST WHO COMPARED GOD TO A CLOCKMAKER. HAVING CREATED A PERFECT MECHANISM OF THIS UNIVERSE, GOD THEN LEFT HIS CREATION TO RUN ON ITS OWN, LIKE A CLOCK. GOD’S SUPREME GIFT TO HUMANITY IS THE ABILITY TO REASON TO REGULATE AND IMPROVE THEIR LIVES.

DEISM IN CONTRAST TO THE PURITANS, DEISM STRESSED HUMANITIES GOODNESS. MOST OF OUR FOUNDING FATHER’S WERE DEISTS. (JEFFERSON AND FRANKLIN) THEY BELIEVED IN THE PERFECTIBILITY OF EVERY INDIVIDUAL THROUGH THE USE OF REASON. DEISTS ARE ALWAYS SEEKING TO IMPROVE THEMSELVES. (THE DEISTS EYES WERE ALWAYS SET ON THEMELVES WHILE THE PURITANS WERE ALWAYS CAST UPON THE HEAVENS)

QUIZ QUESTIONS WHAT WAS THE NAME OF THE PURITAN LEADER WHO LEAD THE FIRST GROUP TO THE NEW WORLD? WHAT WAS THE NAME OF THE SCIENTIST WHO FIRST INOCULATED PURITANS AGAINST SMALLPOX? WHAT IS DEISM?