Examining the Role of Aphid Dynamics in Pumpkin Virus Infections Gina Angelella Dr. Jeffrey D. Holland Dr. Ian Kaplan Entomology Department Purdue University.

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Presentation transcript:

Examining the Role of Aphid Dynamics in Pumpkin Virus Infections Gina Angelella Dr. Jeffrey D. Holland Dr. Ian Kaplan Entomology Department Purdue University

ipm.illinois.edu Aphid-Vectored Viruses Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV)Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV)

4 yrs aphid sampling in adjacent prairie vs. row crop habitats Favret & Voegtlin Migratory aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) habitat selection in agricultural & adjacent natural habitats. Env Entomol 30(2): aphids captured 15m 1,442 aphids captured

Observations in 2010 Large differences in weed management practices  relationship with aphid alightment rates?

Variations in Surrounding Landscapes

1) How does within-field weed cover affect aphid alightment on a local scale? 2) How do large-scale landscape features affect aphid alightment? Questions 3) How do the above factors influence the occurrence of virus infection(s) in fields?

Measure of Aphid Alightment  Weekly Alate Counts

Pumpkin Field Locations

2010 Noncolonizing Aphids

Weed Cover Analysis 2011 Weed Cover/m 2

CoefficientsEstimateSEz valuePr(>|z|) (Intercept) <0.05 Weed Cover/m < Mid-Season

2011 Late Season CoefficientsEstimateSEz valuePr(>|z|) (Intercept) <0.05 Weed Cover/m <0.05

Large differences in between-row weed cover per site from mid- to late season Mid-SeasonLate Season

Landscape Analysis Radii 1-5 km

Nearby source populations? Aphid species regressions with host crops w/in 1-5 km radii

2011, 1km2010, 2 km 2011, 1 km Spotted Alfalfa Aphid Cowpea Aphid

2010, 1 km Bird cherry-oat aphid Corn leaf aphid

Both Large- and Local-Scale Factors Associated with Aphid Alightment Weed cover negatively correlated with aphid alightment, with some cover/m 2 threshold likely Some evidence for surrounding crops acting as source pools, especially within 1-2 km  How do aphid community assemblages vary in response to landscape compositions?

Next Steps to Address Question 3: How does local- and landscape-level variation among fields influence virus infection(s) occurrence? Develop m-RT-PCR assay to detect CMV, WMV, PRSV, ZYMV in tissue samples Assay pumpkin & weed leaf samples collected from 2010 & 2011 Analyze relationship of virus presence/absence by field with weed cover, surrounding landscape composition & weed species composition

Acknowledgements Dr. Ian Kaplan, Dr. Jeffrey Holland, Dr. Joseph Anderson, Dr. Christian Krupke Dr. Dan Egel, Sarah Hoke, Shannon Pearce, Gareth Powell, Caryn Michel Carmen Blubaugh, Joseph Braasch, Ulianova Vidal-Gomez, Jessica Kelly, Elizabeth Rowan, Michael Garvey Coulter's Produce, Etienne's Farm, Garwood Orchards, Kents Cucurbits, Pearson's Melon Farm, Prairie View Farm, Mouzin Brothers Farm, the McCormicks, Beasley’s Orchard, Matthews Tree Farm and Pumpkin Patch, Steve Nowaskie, Todd Zeigner, the Tragessers, Guse Christmas Trees, Tuttle Orchards, Hog Wallow Farm, Skiles Orchard, Stony Creek Orchards, LarryLand IVGA

CoefficientsEstimateSEz valuePr(>|z|) Corn <2e-16 Soy Forest e-16 Alfalfa e-06 Dev Open Lnd e-09 Woody Wetl e-14 Herb Wetl CoefficientsEstimateSEz valuePr(>|z|) Corn Soy Forest Pasture Developed Woody Wetl <2e-16 Herb Wetl AIC= AIC=84.215

Weed Sample Composition

C = Cucumber mosaic virus Z = Zucchini mosaic virus W = Watermelon mosaic virus P = Papaya ringspot virus Weeds Susceptible to Virus Infections