Frankenstein Scientific References Mrs. Lindell

Cornelius Agrippa Cornelius Agrippa ( ) was a German mystic who practiced a "science" that combined alchemy, magic, mysticism, and astrology. Two of his books are Three Books of Occult Philosophy and On Calling Spirits. Through the writing of Agrippa, Frankenstein becomes very interested in alchemy, which is a pseudoscience whose main object is to find a way of turning base metals into gold. You could say that Frankenstein adapted the thinking of the alchemists and instead of transforming other metals into gold attempted to transform a corpse into a living being.

Albertus Magnus St. Albertus Magnus (c c. 1278) was a versatile scholar whose work ranged from philosophy and theology to psychology and the natural sciences. He was devoted to the idea that Christian faith and experimental science were not hostile to one another. Although his enemies accused him of neglecting theology for the practice of sorcery and magic his reputation remained intact and he was beatified in the 17th century and canonised in 1931canonised

Paracelsus Paracelsus was the adopted name of Theophrastus von Hohenheim ( ), and suggests that he was the superior of Celsus, a celebrated physician in the first century CE. He studied medicine and contributed a great deal to the understanding and treatment of disease. He was also drawn to alchemy and his critics thought him a charlatan who relied as much on magic and superstition as on scientific observation

Alchemy is both a philosophy and an ancient practice focused on the attempt to change base metals into gold, investigating the preparation of the "elixir of longevity", and achieving ultimate wisdom, involving the improvement of the alchemist as well as the making of several substances described as possessing unusual properties.[1] The practical aspect of alchemy generated the basics of modern inorganic chemistry, namely concerning procedures, equipment and the identification and use of many current substancesphilosophy wisdom[1]inorganic chemistry

Natural Science In ancient and medieval times, the objective study of nature was known as natural philosophy. In late medieval and early modern times, a philosophical interpretation of nature was gradually replaced by a scientific approach using inductive methodology. The works of Ibn al-Haytham and Sir Francis Bacon popularized this approach, thereby helping to forge the scientific revolution.ancientmedievalnatural philosophyinductiveIbn al-HaythamSir Francis Bacon scientific revolution By the 19th century the study of science had come into the purview of professionals and institutions, and in so doing it gradually acquired the more modern name of natural science.

Sir Francis Bacon His works established and popularized an inductive methodology for scientific inquiry, often called the Baconian method or simply, the scientific method. His demand for a planned procedure of investigating all things natural marked a new turn in the rhetorical and theoretical framework for science, much of which still surrounds conceptions of proper methodology todayscientificBaconian methodscientific method methodology

Sir Isaac Newton His 1687 publication of the Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica (usually called the Principia) is considered to be among the most influential books in the history of science, laying the groundwork for most of classical mechanics. In this work, Newton described universal gravitation and the three laws of motion which dominated the scientific view of the physical universe for the next three centuries. Newton showed that the motions of objects on Earth and of celestial bodies are governed by the same set of natural laws by demonstrating the consistency between Kepler's laws of planetary motion and his theory of gravitation, thus removing the last doubts about heliocentrism and advancing the scientific revolution.Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia MathematicaPrincipia history of science classical mechanics universal gravitationlaws of motionphysical universeEarthcelestialKepler's laws of planetary motionheliocentrismscientific revolution