Sami Palacz 3/29/16 OPPOSITION TO SLAVERY

The American Colonization Society proposed to end slavery by setting up an independent colony in Africa for freed slaves. In 1822, the society founded the nation of Liberia, in West Africa. Only a few thousand African Americans settled there. COLONIZATION MOVEMENT

The Underground Railroad was a network of black and white abolitionists who secretly helped slaves escape to freedom. Conductors guided runaways to stations where they could hide—the homes of abolitionists, churches, and caves. Harriet Tubman escaped from slavery. She risked her freedom and her life by returning to the South 19 times. She led more than 300 former slaves to freedom. UNDERGROUND RAILROAD

In the North Northern mill owners, bankers, and merchants who depended on southern cotton worried about losing their cotton supply. Northern workers feared that freed African Americans might come and take their jobs. OPPOSING ABOLITION In the South Many white southerners accused abolitionists of preaching violence. Slave owners defended slavery even more firmly than before. Some argued that slaves were better off than northern factory workers. To many southerners, slavery was an essential part of the southern economy and way of life

William was a prominent American abolitionist, journalist, suffragist, and social reformer. Garrison soon realized that the abolitionist movement needed to be better organized. In 1832 he helped form the New England Antislavery Society. After taking a short trip to England in 1833, Garrison founded the American Antislavery Society, a national organization dedication to achieving abolition. WILLIAM LLOYD GARRISON

Frederick was an African- American social reformer, abolitionist, orator, writer and statesman. Frederick Douglass was a former slave who became one of the great American anti-slavery leaders of the 1800s. Frederick Douglass was born into slavery in Maryland but in 1838, at age 20, he escaped to freedom in New York. A few years later he went to work for abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison, travelling and speaking on behalf of Garrison's paper The Liberator. FREDERICK DOUGLASS

Harriet was an African-American abolitionist, humanitarian and during the American Civil war a union spy Harriet Tubman helped hundreds of American slaves escape along the secret route to freedom known as the Underground Railroad. Born a slave herself, Harriet Tubman fled from Maryland to freedom in Philadelphia in HARRIET TUBMAN

John was an American statesman who served as the 6 th President. He also served as a diplomat, a Senator and a member of the House of Representatives. Of slavery Adams writes, “my opinion against it has always been known,” noting that he has “always employed freemen both as Domisticks and Labourers, and never in my Life did I own a Slave.” Adams, despite being opposed to slavery, did not support abolitionism except if it was done in a “gradual” way with “much caution and Circumspection.” JOHN QUINCY ADAMS