Diabetes Prevention

 29 million Americans have diabetes (9.3% of population)  2 million new cases each year  79 million Americans have pre diabetes

Projection As many as 1 in 3 American adults will have diabetes by 2050 & 40% of Americans are expected to develop diabetes in their lifetime

Risk Factors  Overweight/obesity  Family history  African American, Hispanic  HTN  Low HDL cholesterol  Virus

Pre Diabetes  Precedes to Type 2 diabetes  Blood sugar readings are higher than normal, but not high enough to be considered full blown diabetic  Few signs/symptoms  Reversible with lifestyle change

Type 1 Diabetes  Autoimmune disorder leading to beta cell destruction and absolute insulin deficiency  Onset is normally around puberty but can happen earlier or later in life  Used to be called juvenile onset

Type 2 Diabetes  Most common form  Due to a progressive insulin defect on insulin resistance  Lifestyle has impact  Used to be called adult onset or NIDDM

Eating, Stress, illness RAISE glucose levels Insulin and exercise lower glucose levels

 Walking 150 mins a week can help lower A1C and glucose levels by 30mg. (30mins 5 times a week)  For every year you have T2 diabetes you lose 2% of your beta cells

Hemoglobin A1C  3 month average blood sugar  Normal 4% to 5.6%  Pre Diabetes 5.7% to 6.4%  Diabetic 6.5% and higher