Warm-up: Breaking News! PREPARE FOR AN EARTHQUAKE! Imagine that you have just received news that Charlotte is preparing for an earthquake. If you had to prepare an emergency kit, what would you include?

Agenda O b j e c t i v e s SWBAT identify the anatomy of an earthquake SWBAT relate earthquakes to plate boundaries. Earthquakes!

Warm-up: Breaking News! PREPARE FOR AN EARTHQUAKE! Imagine that you have just received news that Charlotte is preparing for an earthquake. If you had to prepare an emergency kit, what would you include? Complete Reflection when done with warm up

Follow-up: Did you think of these things? First aid kit and instruction booklet Plastic tarp or a small tent Emergency ("space") blankets and one sleeping bag for each family member At least one gallon of bottled water per person, per day. For a 3-day supply, that adds up to three gallons of water per person Enough canned or dried food for 3 days Can opener Flashlight (easily in reach) Battery-powered radio Spare batteries for everything (stored separately in waterproof bags) Toilet paper, soap, toothpaste and toothbrushes, and other personal supplies Multi-purpose dry chemical (Class ABC) fire extinguisher Any important medicine and supplies for infants, elderly people, and others with special needs

North Carolina This map represents seismic activity in North Carolina from The pink dots represent earthquakes. Make 2 observations and one inference about this map.

Guided Notes

What is an earthquake? An earthquake is the shaking of the ground due to the movements of tectonic plates Earthquakes occur at different plate boundaries

What happens during an earthquake? Foreshock: any of the usually minor tremors commonly preceding the principal shock of an earthquake Earthquake! Aftershock: smaller earthquakes which are generated by the continued movement of plates and other materials after the main shock

The focus of an earthquake is the point WITHIN the Earth where the earthquake starts. It is the place below the earth’s surface where the rocks tear, come apart, or collide. Parts of an Earthquake

The epicenter is the location on the EARTH’S SURFACE directly above the focus. Surface waves move outward from the epicenter. Parts of an Earthquake

The fault is the break in the crust where the earthquake occurs, between two blocks of rock that have moved past each other. Parts of an Earthquake

Types of Faults Strike-Slip, Reverse, Normal Each fault occurs at a different type of boundary!

Convergent = Reverse 1.Where does this occur? At a Convergent Boundary 1.What is it? A reverse fault happens when two blocks of crust are pushed up against each other and they slide vertically 1.Type of Earthquake? These types of earthquakes are usually strong and deep

Divergent = Normal 1. Where does this occur? At a Divergent Boundary 2. What is it? A normal fault occurs when two blocks of crust are pulled away from each other and slide vertically 3. Effect on Earthquake? This type of earthquake is usually weak and shallow

Transform = Strike-Slip 1. Where does it occur? At a transform Boundary 2. What is it? A strike-slip fault is when two blocks of crust slide past each other horizontally 3. Effect on Earthquake? These types of earthquakes are moderate and shallow

Instrument used by scientists to measure Earthquakes. SEISMOGRAPH

What do we use to measure earthquakes? Richter Scale – a scale from 1 – 10 that tells the magnitude (intensity) of an earthquake

An aftershock is a smaller earthquake that occurs after a previous large earthquake in the same area (the main shock). EARTHQUAKES

Let’s take a look at the U.S! In which state do most earthquakes in the United States take place?

Why does California see so many EQs? The San Andreas Fault!

Elastic Rebound Theory

Why do earthquakes occur? Along a fault, energy builds up in a rock until it breaks and releases energy. This rock is ELASTIC energy. This release of energy causes an earthquake.

What Causes Earthquakes? As tectonic plates push, pull or scrape against each other, stress builds up along faults until the rocks finally move The elastic rebound theory is the main cause of earthquakes

Elastic Rebound Theory The gradual buildup, and release of stress and strain, between tectonic plates which leads to earthquakes

HAITI

History of EQs Watch videos to learn about examples of real earthquakes Filling in table with details about each EQ Head up, Eyes up, Pen in hand, Listening silently

Independent Practice Plate Tectonics Choice Board Three activities minimum Extra credit for additional boxes Use all resources available Textbook, vocabulary list, warm ups, guided notes, internet, peers Take 1 minute and read each assignment Turn to your partner & tell them what activities you might choose

Exit Ticket 1.What is an epicenter? 2.What is the elastic rebound theory? 3.Where is the focus in relation to the epicenter? 4.Draw & label a diagram of the three types of faults.

Earthquake Energy! Extension

Magnitudes and Energy of Earthquakes Annual Numbers of EQs What’s the message? MOST of the energy is released by around 20 magnitude-7 and larger EQs every year.

Seismic intensity is affected by rock type. Amplitude of oscillation Form a hypothesis about how would you expect the houses to react during an EQ.

Seismic intensity is affected by rock type. Amplitude of oscillation increasing