 Creating DNAPg. 34  DNA VocabularyPg. 35  Replication modelPg. 36  DNA replicationPg. 37  DNA transcription(blank)Pg. 38  RNA vocabularyPg. 39

 Mutation examplePg. 40  Mutations Pg. 41

Page 41 in notebook

Mutation = Mutations- Change occur when DNA is damaged or changed so the code is no longer the same. Can occur in any cell. They can be beneficial, bad, or neutral

1. Substitution (Point mutation) – a change in a single nitrogen base pair. THE DOG BIT THE CAT THE DOG BIT THE CAR

1 point mutation in a hemoglobin codon creates this disease.

UGC AAA Cysteine Lysine UGC AAG Cysteine Lysine

UAU GCC Tyrosine Valine UAA GCC Stop

2. Frame shift-A single base is inserted or deleted from the DNA. THE FAT CAT SAT TAH EFA TCA TSA T TEF ATC ATS AT

3. Insertion-All or part of a codon is inserted in the DNA. THE FAT CAT SAT THE NOT FAT CAT SAT

4. Deletion-All or part of a codon is deleted from the DNA. THE FAT CAT SAT THE CAT SAT

Causes of mutations: A. Mistakes in DNA pairing. B. Radiation C. Chemicals D. High temperatures

Copy down this strand of DNA: AAT GCC AGT GGT TCG CAC

 c.) translocation is the result of chromosomal breakage but the broken segment transfers itself to a broken segment of another chromosome.translocation d.) deletion - Deletion occurs when a chromosome breaks and a portion of the chromosome is lost.deletion e.) inversion - a section of the chromosome is inverted (reversed) on the same chromosomeinversion

 Thesunwashotbuttheoldmandidnotgethishat.

 a.) trisomy - an extra chromosome is present. Duplication of a portion of a chromosome may attach to a chromosome or remain as a separate fragment.trisomy  b.) monosomy - a chromosome is missingmonosomy