Thurs, October 15 Who’s who?? Write down your answers somewhere: First to apply anthropology to modern societies Founder of Functionalism Father of American Anthropology Father of Fieldwork Founder of Structural-Functionalism Gender roles are from culture, not genetic

Objectives  I will explore the contributions of major anthropologists to help create context.  Presentations  Review Videos/Questions

Presentations  Your Turn  Stand in the front  Be prepared, follow rubric  Speak clearly and loudly  Audience  Listen respectfully  Take notes on the significant parts  Listen, don’t just write every word  Ask questions at the end for clarification  No sleeping, reading, or other homework

What’s the major difference between:

Claude Levi-Strauss  , French  French Cultural Mission to Brazil  Returned to France, fought in WWII, Maginot Line  FW: Brazil, Amazon  Focused on Kinship, and also myth and linguistics  Father of Modern Anthropology  Theories:  Father of Structuralism:  Culture is a system with underlying structures that are common to all societies regardless of their differences  Universal patterns in cultural systems (like behavior and thought) are products of structure of human mind and are universal to all societies  Rejected the concept of primitive and modern mind, arguing that all men have the same intellectual potential  Binary Opposition the-works-of-levi-strauss.html

5. Structuralism asserts that human culture  is part expression but mostly determined by environment B. is completely dictated by environment C. has everything to do with genetic mutation outside the human mind D. is just an expression of the underlying structures of the human mind E. has nothing to do with the human mind

6. Within anthropology, Structuralism is an approach used to A. analyze gender roles B. analyze power and value C. analyze meaning D. analyze ethnographies E. analyze culture and patterns

7. Who is credited with the development of structuralism? A. Meade B. Darwin C. Levi-Strauss D. Boas E. Benedict

Clifford Geertz   2 years in Navy in WWII- GI Bill to go to Harvard eventually  Strong humanities and literature influence = writing was unique  Father of symbolic or interpretive anthropology  FW: Indonesia and Morocco  Theories:  Thick Description: behavior AND its context  Goal is to understand other’s understandings  Study not what things do but what they mean  Methodology is to examine public meaning through symbols

Napoleon Chagnon   FW: Long term study of Yanomamo in Amazon  Known for work in evolutionary anthropology and study of warfare  Studied genealogies -> first in sociobiology  Led to work in evolutionary approach to anthropology  Studied fierceness and chronic warfare  Theories:  Evolutionary Anthropology  Role of genealogies and chronic warfare  Violence is driving principle  “Most Controversial Anthropologist”

Review: 3 Main Theories Functionalism  Culture functions to meet needs of individual  Malinowski Structural-Functionalism  Culture functions to meet needs of society’s structure first  Radcliffe-Brown Structuralism  Humans act as we do because of the actual structure of the human brain  Levi-Strauss

Link it together  Sheet of white paper  Write all 8 names  Create as many links as you can  Example: similarities, differences, opposites, places in the world, areas of study, schools, etc

Where do they go??  Place the following phrases under which anthropologist they go to BoasMalinowski Radcliffe- Brown Benedict Mead Levi- Strauss GeertzChagnon

Where do they go??  Father of Functionalism  National character of a nation  Co-founded British School with Malinowski  Father of Symbolic Anthropology  Ideas of Cultural Relativism  Popularized the discipline with clear writing  Father of Structuralism  Most Controversial Anthropologist  Father of American Anthropology  Culture comes from structure of human mind  Leader of evolutionary anthropology  Father of Structural-Functionalism  Thick Description  Gender Roles are societal, not biological  Made fieldwork more popular and important  Proved women had a unique voice in social sciences

READ  Chapter 3 in “Very Short Introduction”  Look for evidence of what we just learned about

Next Class:  If you have it, bring “The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down”  HW: Spend 20 minutes reading about Hmong Culture. What do they value? Features of their culture that are the same or different than you?