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2 Monroe built a government of national unity Chose men from both parties & all regions for his cabinet. In 1816, Monroe went on a 15-week tour through New England- South- West. A Boston newspaper called his reception in Massachusetts the start of an “Era of Good Feelings." President Monroe Secretary of State John Quincy Adams, Northerner Secretary of War John C. Calhoun, Southerner Monroe’s Administration

3 Monroe’s election in 1816 helped lead to the death of the Federalist Party Federalist liabilities included: "Disloyalty" during the War of 1812 Extremely sectional regarding the interests of New England Jefferson had adopted many of their most important ideas (e.g. Hamilton’s financial plan, expansion, loose construction in certain cases)

4 Three new leaders emerged during the Monroe administration. These three played vital roles in the nation and in Congress for the next 30 years. John C. Calhoun: Represented the Southern states Served in Congress, presidential Cabinet, and as vice president Henry Clay: Represented the Western states Served in state legislature, the Senate, and House of Representatives Daniel Webster: Represented the Northern states Argued before the Supreme Court, senator, presidential Cabinet member

5 Latin America Florida Monroe Doctrine Serving under President Monroe : JQA- Sec. Of State Arranged joint occupation of the Oregon with Britain Got Florida from Spain Formulated with the president the Monroe Doctrine. Foreign Affairs under President Monroe John Quincy Adams

6 The United States would not get involved in European affairs. The U.S. would not interfere with existing European colonies in the Western Hemisphere. If a European nation tried to control or interfere with a nation in the Western Hemisphere, the United States would view it as a hostile act. No other nation could form a new colony in the Western Hemisphere. Secretary of State John Quincy Adams authored the document The U.S. issued the Monroe Doctrine which stated:

Steel Plow Steamboat Telegraph Mechanical Reaper Vulcanized Rubber Interchangeable Parts 7 New Inventions/ First Industrial Revolution in US

First Industrial Revolution Sam Slater- RI- mechanized factory produced thread F.C. Lowell and two partners mechanized all phases of producing cloth. Textile Industry is born in Lowell Massachusetts. 1,000’s flock there for jobs. Mostly young women.

Two Economies Develop North-Industry Rivers and Streams Lack of farm land Good labor supply Tradition of Craftsmanship First protective tariff passed Iron/coal/steel industries Growth of cities. South- Agriculture 1793-Cotton Gin Large tracts of land Slave labor Britain's demand for cotton Improvements in Agriculture Great climate “King Cotton” 9

Market Revolution ( ) Inventions Improvements in manufacturing – large scale domestic manufacturing Improvements in transportation Free labor market Increased agricultural output Wage system put in place Government support- tariffs-laissez- faire attitude Capitalism begins to develop West- cheap land, speculators 10

11 National bank. Tariff on imported goods to protect American manufacturers. National system of roads and canals linking the country. Henry Clay’s American System This was an economic plan to improve the nation’s infrastructure and make the U.S. a stronger nation. There were three components:

American System Visual Create icons for 3 parts of American System (use three different colors) Create icons for the economies Explain how you link the economies North-South-West Inventors: use phone- illustrations in color- slogan needs to be creative Missouri Compromise Mapping 12

??? To Ponder Why was this the Era of Good Feelings? Who is the Father of the Factory System? Where did the Industrial Revolution in America start/ What industry? What was the Market Revolution? Contributors to the Northern economy/ Southern? Three leaders that emerged. Henry Clay’s system. 13

1820 United States Era of Good Feelings? Monroe Doctrine Issued Tariff of Protective Cumberland Road (National Road) American System (H. Clay) Erie Canal B.U.S. Missouri Compromise 14

15 The charter for B.U.S. expired in With no central bank the U.S. economy was unstable. State banks issued paper money, which led to inflation. The Republican Part opposed the first Bank. Supported chartering a second National Bank in The Bank helped stabilize the currency. Although opposition grew to its power and influence. National Bank

16 The War of 1812 stopped the flow of goods from British factories. Americans began building their own factories to manufacture goods. Tariff of 1789 had rates of 8% and was intended to raise revenue for the new government. The Tariff of 1816 had rates as high as 20% and was designed to help domestic industries compete with foreign competition. Tariff of 1816 Clay supported the tariff

17 Panic of 1819 After the war ended industrial growth stopped. Unemployment went up. Banks failed. People lost property. Agricultural prices fell by half. Real-estate investment in western lands collapsed.

18 Erie Canal Connects the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean from Lake Erie to the Hudson River(NYC). 323 miles. Dewitt Clinton. Construction took eight years. Opens in The system works with locks. Made transportation of goods faster and cheaper. Encouraged settlement along the route and in the western territory.

19 The canal runs from Buffalo to the Hudson River

20 Cumberland Road Referred to as the National Road or Cumberland Road. One of the first major improved highways in the U.S. Construction began in 1811 at Cumberland, Maryland. Reached Wheeling, West Virginia, in Although the road was planned to end in Jefferson City, Missouri, funding ran out and it stopped at Vandalia, Illinois, in 1839.

21 Cumberland Road

22 Expansion created both new free and new slave states. Most agreed that new states should not upset the existing balance between the 11 free and 11 slave states. The proposed admission of Missouri in 1819 as a slave state would create an imbalance. 11 free states11 slave states1819

23 Missouri wants statehood. Northerners opposed. Henry Clay: Speaker of the House ( The Great Compromiser). Missouri admitted as a slave state. Maine as a free state. Prohibited slavery north of 36° 30' in all the territory acquired from France. Balance maintained, for now! Missouri Compromise, 1820

24 Areas that were free and slave, 1820

Ten words or less… American System: Marshall Court: Market Revolution: Monroe Doctrine: 25

26  Election of 1824  John Quincy Adams

27 First P.E. that popular votes counted. Voter restrictions being loosened no land ownership. AJ: 99 Electoral votes-Adams 84 votes- Crawford 41 votes- Clay 37 votes. AJ: most popular votes. Top three go to House. Clay is Speaker of House. House picks Adams on first vote. Adams makes Clay Sec. of State. “CORRUPT BARGAIN” The Election of 1824

28 John Quincy Adams First son of a president to be elected president himself. Important Secretary of State under Monroe. Controversial election led to a lack of support from Congress. Tried to push through more American System modernization reforms, but was largely unsuccessful He was defeated by Jackson in the election of Elected to Congress where he was an influential member until his death in Leader in the abolition movement.

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30 President Madison unsuccessfully tried to take over West Florida from Spain in In 1816, General Andrew Jackson invaded Florida and destroyed the Seminole settlements. In 1818, Jackson again invaded Florida and claimed it for the U.S. Known as the Seminole Wars. In 1819, Spain sold Florida to the U.S. for $5 million. Adams-Onis Treaty. Florida Black Seminoles Florida becomes part of the U.S.