POD Week of 8/20-8/24 _____________ is the process by which organisms keep their internal conditions relatively stable. _____________ is the process by which organisms keep their internal conditions relatively stable. ___________ is the ability to consume and use energy. ___________ is the ability to consume and use energy. The main source of Earth’s external energy is the _________. The main source of Earth’s external energy is the _________.

Ch 3 Ecology Students know a vital part of an ecosystem is the stability of its producers and decomposers. Students know at each link in a food web some energy is stored in newly made structures but much energy is dissipated into the environment as heat. This dissipation may be represented in an energy pyramid.

3 What is Ecology?? The study of interactions that take place between organisms and their environment. The study of interactions that take place between organisms and their environment.

4 Habitat & Niche Habitat is the place a plant or animal lives Habitat is the place a plant or animal lives Niche is an organism’s total way of life Niche is an organism’s total way of life

5 The Nonliving Environment Abiotic factors- the nonliving parts of an organism’s environment. Abiotic factors- the nonliving parts of an organism’s environment. Examples include air currents, temperature, moisture, light, and soil. Examples include air currents, temperature, moisture, light, and soil.

6 The Living Environment Biotic factors- all the living organisms that inhabit an environment. Biotic factors- all the living organisms that inhabit an environment.

7 Abiotic or Biotic? Biotic

8 Abiotic

9 Abiotic

10 Abiotic or Biotic? Biotic

11 Levels of Organization

12 What are the Simplest Levels? Atom Atom Molecule Molecule Organelle Organelle Cell Cell Tissue Tissue Organ Organ System System

13 Levels of Organization Ecologists have organized the interactions an organism takes part in into different levels according to complexity. Ecologists have organized the interactions an organism takes part in into different levels according to complexity.

14 1 st Level of Organization Organism: An individual living thing. Organism: An individual living thing.

15 2 nd Level of Organization Population: A group of organisms, all of the same species, which interbreed and live in the same place at the same time. Population: A group of organisms, all of the same species, which interbreed and live in the same place at the same time.

16 3 rd Level of Organization Biological Community: All the populations of different species that live in the same place at the same time. Biological Community: All the populations of different species that live in the same place at the same time.

17 4 th Level of Organization Ecosystem: Populations of plants and animals that interact with each other in a given area with the abiotic components of that area. (terrestrial or aquatic) Ecosystem: Populations of plants and animals that interact with each other in a given area with the abiotic components of that area. (terrestrial or aquatic)

18 5 th Level of Organization Biosphere: The portion of Earth that supports life. Biosphere: The portion of Earth that supports life.

19 What level of organization? Organism

20 What level of Organization? Community

21 What level of Organization? Population

22 Organisms that can make glucose during photosynthesis are called PRODUCERS. copyright cmassengale How does Energy Flow? 1 st level

23 Producers use most of the energy they make for themselves. copyright cmassengale

24 The energy that is not used by producers can be passed on to organisms that cannot make their own energy. Only 10% of this energy is passed on. copyright cmassengale

25 Organisms that cannot make their own energy are called CONSUMERS. copyright cmassengale 2nd level

26 Consumers that eat producers to get energy: Are first order (1 st ) or primary consumers Are first order (1 st ) or primary consumers Are herbivores (plant- eaters) Are herbivores (plant- eaters) copyright cmassengale

27 Most of the energy the primary consumer gets from the producer is used by the consumer. copyright cmassengale

28 Some of the energy moves into the atmosphere as heat. copyright cmassengale

29 A Consumer that Eats Another Consumer for Energy: 3 rd level Is called a secondary or 2nd order consumer Is called a secondary or 2nd order consumer May be a carnivore or a omnivore May be a carnivore or a omnivore May be a predator May be a predator May be a scavenger May be a scavenger copyright cmassengale

30 The transfer of energy from the sun to producer to primary consumer then to higher order consumers can be shown in a FOOD CHAIN. copyright cmassengale

31 Food Chains Show Available Energy copyright cmassengale

32 Energy Pyramids Show Amount of available energy decreases for higher consumers Amount of available energy decreases for higher consumers Amount of available energy decreases down the food chain Amount of available energy decreases down the food chain It takes a large number of producers to support a small number of primary consumers It takes a large number of producers to support a small number of primary consumers It takes a large number of primary consumers to support a small number of secondary consumers It takes a large number of primary consumers to support a small number of secondary consumers copyright cmassengale

33copyright cmassengale