2.1

Who was Isaac Newton? Physicist and mathmetician Invented calculus NEWTON’S 3 LAWS OF MOTION

Force (define)- A PUSH OR A PULL ANY ACTION THAT HAS THE ABILITY TO CHANGE MOTION

Example:

Ex. A baseball will stay at rest (motionless) until you apply a force to set it in motion.

How are forces created? MUSCLES EARTH’S GRAVITY MOVEMENT OF AIR AND MANY MORE

What was Newton’s 1 st law? AN OBJECT AT REST WILL STAY AT REST AND AN OBJECT IN MOTION WILL STAY IN MOTION WITH THE SAME SPEED AND DIRECTION UNLESS ACTED ON BY A FORCE

VIDEO CLIP MACMILLAN SPACE CENTER YVov4&feature=related YVov4&feature=related

Inertia (define)- PROPERTY OF AN OBJECT THAT RESISTS CHANGES IN ITS MOTION

Objects with _MORE_______ mass have _____MORE___ inertia and are more resistant to changes in their _MOTION________.

EXAMPLE Bowling ball vs. golf ball.

The pound is a unit of ___FORCE________ commonly used in the United States. When you measure weight in pounds on a scale, you are measuring the ___FORCE____ __OF__ ____GRAVITY_____ acting on the object.

What is the difference between mass and weight? MASS-HOW MUCH MATTER SOMETHING HAS WEIGHT- DEALS WITH THE FORCE OF GRAVITY ACTING ON THE MASS EX: on MOON v. on EARTH

The ___NEWTON_____ ( N) is the metric unit of Force. 1 pound of force = ____4.448___ Newtons

When you hit a golf ball, there are multiple forces acting on the ball. Name at least 2 of these forces: 1. THE PUSH THE CLUB GIVES THE BALL 2. FORCE OF GRAVITY ACTING ON THE BALL

Net force (define)- TOTAL OF ALL FORCES ACTING ON AN OBJECT

When two forces are in the same direction, the net force is the _SUM______ of the two.

EXAMPLE

When equal forces are in the opposite direction, they ____CANCEL_______.

EXAMPLE

2.2

Acceleration (define)- THE RATE AT WHICH YOUR SPEED INCREASES

Your acceleration depends on the _______STEEPNESS_______ of the hill.

To calculate acceleration, you divide the change in ___SPEED____ by the amount of ____TIME_____ it takes for the change to happen.

What is an example of the metric units for acceleration? ___m/sec 2 __________

Acceleration = change in ___speed____ ÷ change in ___time____

If you measure speed in centimeters per second (cm/s), you may have to convert to ________m/s__________ before calculating acceleration, because these units agree with newtons.

What is Newton’s second law of motion? THE ACCELERATION OF AN OBJECT IS DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO THE NET FORCE ACTING ON IT AND INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL TO ITS MASS

VIDEO CLIP MacMillan Space Center ature=related

Important equation: a=F/m Force ______CAUSES___ acceleration, mass ___RESISTS_____ acceleration.

Guidelines for applying the 2 nd law: 1. THE NET FORCE IS WHAT CAUSES ACCELERATION 2. IF THERE IS NO ACCELERATION, THE NET FORCE MUST BE ZERO 3.IF THERE IS ACCELERATION, THERE MUST ALSO BE A NET FORCE 4.THE FORCE UNIT OF NEWTONS IS BASED ON KILOGRAMS, METERS, AND SECONDS

When two forces are in the same direction, the net force is the __SUM___ of the two forces. When two forces are in opposite directions the net force is the ____DIFFERENCE________ between them.

Objects at rest stay or moving with constant speed have ____ZERO____ acceleration, which means net force must also be __ZERO____.

The Newton is defined by the relationship between ___FORCE______, ___MASS______, and _____ACCELERATION_______ ___.

A force of one ___NEWTON_____ (1N) is the exact amount of force needed to accelerate a mass of 1kg at 1m/s 2 no matter where you are in the universe.

In terms of solving problems, you should always use the following units when using force in Newtons: Mass in _kg____ Distance in __m____ Time in ___s___ Speed in ___m/sec_________ Acceleration in ___m/sec 2 _______

Write down the equations from table 2.1 a=F/m F=ma m=F/a a acceleration F force m mass

Force is the action through which energy moves. Example: rubberband launching a car Rubberband stretched=has energy Rubberband released=gives energy to the car

Forces are created every time there is a difference in energy. Example: car at top of hill verses car at the bottom of a hill

Bill Nye Video Write down 3 things you learned at the bottom of your notes page. 2mE 2mE