Properties of Matter

What is Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space.

Volume The amount of space a sample of matter takes up. Example: cube = a 3

Mass A measure of the amount of matter in an object. Measured in grams Measured using a balance

Mass vs. Weight MASS Amount of Matter Stays the same no matter where you are. Measured with balance Measured in Kg WEIGHT Measures gravitational force Varies with location Measured with spring scale. Measured in Newtons

States of Matter

Solids Has a definite SHAPE and VOLUME Particles close together and in set position Two types –Crystalline- orderly, 3-dimensional arrangement of particles –Amorphous-no special arrangement

Liquids Definite VOLUME, no definite shape. Particles Slide past one another Special Properties: –Surface Tension-force that acts upon the particles on the surface –Viscosity- the resistance to flow

Gas No definite shape or volume. Particles spread out.

Changes of State The change of a substance from one physical form to another

Solids and Liquids Solid to Liquid = MELTING Liquid to Solid = FREEZING

Liquids and Gasses Liquid to Gas = EVAPORATION **Boiling is when the change occurs THROUGHOUT the liquid. Gas to Liquid = CONDENSATION

Solids and Gasses Solids that change directly to a gas = SUBLIMATION

Changing State and ENERGY When energy is added to a substance, either its temperature or its state can change, NOT BOTH!!!

Reflection: Unit Question How can you verify that the addition or removal of heat effects the temperature and states of matter?