R ETURN TO COMMUTING IN S WEDEN Sergii Troshchenkov PhD student L.A.S.E.R.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
The Role of Employment for Growth and Poverty Reduction PREM learning week 2007 Catalina Gutierrez Pieter Serneels.
Advertisements

Ethnic Penalties in the Labour Market: The Public-Private Sector Divide Sin Yi Cheung Oxford Brookes University Anthony Heath University of Oxford.
UNDERSTANDING AND ACCESSING FINANCIAL MARKET Nia Christina
Chapter 5 Human Capital Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
What are the causes of age discrimination in employment?
Conference on Irish Economic Policy Union membership and the union wage Premium in Ireland Frank Walsh School of Economics University College Dublin
What are the causes of inequality of income and wealth in the UK? To see more of our products visit our website at Tony Darby, Head of.
Appendix Ghana. Conclusion per capita growth is accompanied by an increase in output per worker in the primary and tertiary sectors a decrease in output.
Chapter Six1 A PowerPoint  Tutorial to Accompany macroeconomics, 5th ed. N. Gregory Mankiw Mannig J. Simidian ® CHAPTER SIX Unemployment.
Multiple Regression Fenster Today we start on the last part of the course: multivariate analysis. Up to now we have been concerned with testing the significance.
Job Accessibility and Racial Differences in Youth Employment Rates Keith R. Ihlanfeldt, David L. Sjoquist The American Economic Review Volume 80, Issue.
Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved. Chapter 18 Financial Management of the Medical Practice.
Why do Mexicans prefer informal jobs? Eliud Diaz Romo, Durham University 8 of July, 2015.
California’s Nursing Workforce: New Research Joanne Spetz, Ph.D. University of California, San Francisco February 7, 2012.
Do Friends and Relatives Really Help in Getting a Good Job? Michele Pellizzari London School of Economics.
Are workers more vulnerable in tradable industries? ETSG, Birmingham, September 2013 Kent Eliasson Growth Analysis and Umeå University Pär Hansson.
Improving Quality in the Office for National Statistics’ Annual Earnings Statistics Pete Brodie & Kevin Moore UK Office for National Statistics.
1 Macroeconomics Lecture 5 Unemployment (Mankiw: Macroeconomics, Chapter 5) Institute of Economic Theories - University of Miskolc Mónika Orloczki Assistant.
Keeping Your Job and Employee Pay Benefits. Becoming Employed.
Labour Market Inequality in India and Brazil: Comparing Labour Market Institutions in India and Brazil Taniya Chakrabarty 18th December 2014.
Economics of Gender Chapter 8 Assist.Prof.Dr.Meltem INCE YENILMEZ.
Review of Paper: Understanding the"Family Gap" in Pay for Women with Children Study addresses an economic/social issue using statistical analysis: While.
Youth Unemployment in Advanced Economies in Europe: Searching for Solutions Angana Banerji International Monetary Fund February 2015.
Are Those Who Bring Work Home Really Working Longer Hours? Implications for BLS Productivity Measures Lucy P. Eldridge Sabrina Wulff Pabilonia Disclaimer:
Paper written by: Dr. Aydemir and Dr. Skuterud Presentation by: Curt Pollock, Marc Dales, Levon Sarmazian, Jessica Lindgren and Chad Johnson.
Migration – commuting substitution Commuting potential and interregional migration propensity Emma Lundholm Umeå University Sweden
Childcare availability and female labor supply Anna Lovasz - Agnes Szabo-Morvai The impact of day-care services on mothers’ employment, fertility, and.
Anna Lovász Institute of Economics Hungarian Academy of Sciences June 30, 2011.
Long time coming - Paid Maternity Leave in Australia, 2008 Women’s Business: Current issues and future agendas Special Colloquium, WWRG 7 March 2008 A/Professor.
Statistics and Quantitative Analysis U4320 Segment 12: Extension of Multiple Regression Analysis Prof. Sharyn O’Halloran.
Influence of vocational training on wages and mobility of workers - evidence from Poland Jacek Liwiński Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw.
Determinants of Credit Default Swap Spread: Evidence from the Japanese Credit Derivative Market.
Gender Statistics in the Labour Market Angela Me UNECE Statistics Division.
HAOMING LIU JINLI ZENG KENAN ERTUNC GENETIC ABILITY AND INTERGENERATIONAL EARNINGS MOBILITY 1.
Does migration to Thailand reduce Thai wages? John Bryant and Pungpond Rukumnuaykit Institute for Population and Social Research Mahidol University, Thailand.
1 Longitudinal Analysis and the Scottish Economy David Bell Scotecon University of Stirling.
The Effects of Life-long Learning on Earnings and Employment Richard Dorsett, Silvia Lui and Martin Weale.
Over-skilling and Over- education Peter J Sloane, Director, WELMERC, School of Business and Economics, Swansea University, IZA, Bonn and University of.
Statistical Discrimination Statistical Discrimination: –Discrimination in absence of prejudice. –Employers use actual average labor market attachment differences.
Time, Money and Inequality in International Perspective Lars Osberg -Dalhousie University -I.S.E.R. U of Essex.
Off- Farm Labor Supply of Farm- Families in Rural Georgia Dr. Ayal Kimhi Ofir Hoyman Tbilisi, 2005.
ECODEF/CI, Moscow, November , 2007 Relative employment positions of partners and gender relations in Russia and France Ariane Pailhé (INED) Oxana.
1. Divide the study sample data into two groups: Fatigued (F), N=3,528, and Non-Fatigued (NF), N=3,634. Estimate logistic regressions to obtain the probability.
Brandon Magliocco & Dr. David Schaffer  Economics  Univ. of Wisconsin-Eau Claire Changing Wage Rates Among Men and Women in the U.S. by Age Cohort and.
Using microsimulation model to get things right: a wage equation for Poland Leszek Morawski, University of Warsaw Michał Myck, DIW - Berlin Anna Nicińska,
Is it Worth to Study Two Majors? The Case of Poland Dominik Buttler Education and Work: (Un-) equal Transitions Sofia, September 2015.
Do Initial Job Market Conditions Really Matter for CEO Pay? Helena Címerová Auckland University of Technology Auckland Finance Meeting 16 December 2013.
Chapter 1 Introduction.
REPUBLIC OF ALBANIA MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS THE WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LABOR MARKETS, GROWTH AND POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES Thesaloniki,
Investments in Human Capital: Education and Training
Saving Profiles of Ethnic Minorities: a Life Cycle Analysis Gough, O., Sharma, A., Carosi, A., Adami, R. London, 10/05/2013 Pensions Research Network.
Developments in the estimation of the value of human capital for Australia Presented by Hui Wei Australian Bureau of Statistics Australian Bureau of Statistics.
Women, Work, and the Economy: Macroeconomic Gains from Gender Equity The views expressed in this presentation are those of the authors and should not be.
1 Sect. 3 - Measurement of Economic Performance Module 10 - The Circular Flow & GDP What you will learn: How economists use aggregate measures to track.
BUS 308 Entire Course (Ash Course) For more course tutorials visit BUS 308 Week 1 Assignment Problems 1.2, 1.17, 3.3 & 3.22 BUS 308.
Social Class and Wages in post-Soviet Russia Alexey Bessudnov DPhil candidate St.Antony's College CEELBAS seminar 30 May 2008 Please note that this is.
STUC – SG Biannual – June 2013 Employment in Scotland is increasing and unemployment is decreasing. Scotland is outperforming the UK on all headline labour.
Wagegap conferencte Amsterdam, June 2006 Tom Vandenbrande & Fernando Pauwels(HIVA) Explaining the gender wage gap Workshop 5, June 23rd.
Ministry of Health and Social Affairs Sweden. covers the entire population provides both basic protection and income- related benefits facilitates free.
The Impact of Health on Human Capital Stocks Fourth World KLEMS Conference May 23, 2016 Lea Samek and Mary O’Mahony.
Variable versus Fixed Costs
20th EBES Conference – Vienna
Gender wage inequalities in Serbia
Compensation Disparities by Gender in Internal Medicine
Earnings and labour cost statistics as exist in EUROSTAT’s website’s
Labour Price Index Labour Market Statistics (LAMAS) Working Group
The incidence of Mandated Maternity Benefits
Evidence from Chinese firm level data Ingrid Nielsen, Russell Smyth
Economic life cycle in Sweden: 1980s, 1990s, & 2000s Daniel Hallberg Institute for Futures Studies, Stockholm 1 Demographic background 2 Institutional.
Poverty and Inequality Statistics: Development of Methodology in the Russian Federation Geneva, 5-6 May 2015.
Presentation transcript:

R ETURN TO COMMUTING IN S WEDEN Sergii Troshchenkov PhD student L.A.S.E.R

Return to commuting in Sweden The main idea is to estimate the return to commuting for the male and female subsamples of the population: Are employees compensated by employers for commuting expenses? Does gender matter?

Return to commuting in Sweden The policy application: Decreasing unemployment Suburbanization Improvement of the search—matching process Contribution: Comprehensive dataset based on administrative registers Addressing the endogeneity through the FE estimation Extensive set of variables that controls individual characteristics and features of the labor market

Return to commuting in Sweden Wage formation in Sweden The wage bargaining and setting minimum wages occurs between employer cartel and labor unions: Setting collective agreement Possibility of re-bargain small share of wage Unique feature Swedish labor unions are very strong (Laval case) Conclusion No immediate impact of unemployment rate on the wage level. The opposite story: regions with high wages are characterized by high unemployment rate.

Return to commuting in Sweden Earnings by region. Male sample Earnings by region. Female sample

Return to commuting in Sweden Commuting patterns: Median of travel distance: 8 kilometers –for females 12 kilometers—for males. The long-distance commuters earn less: 2300 hundreds of annual income in comparison to 3369 for “stayers” Evident spatial patterns of commuting

Return to commuting in Sweden Commuting by region. Male sample Commuting by region. Female sample

Return to commuting in Sweden The model: lnLoneInk0 it =α it +γ 1 dist it +γ 2 squaredist it +β 1 X it +z i +ε it i=1…T stands for cross-section units (individuals) t=1…K indicates time period α, γ and β are coefficients to be estimated X is a generic set of variables that captures lifecycle events and labor market conditions z reflects individual time invariant fixed effects

Return to commuting in Sweden Description of variables of main interest LnLoneInk0 indicates the annual earnings of individual received from the employment type of activity. Earning was considered in the interval 1500 hundreds SEK and 8518 hundreds SEK of gross annual income. dist is a variable that defines a commuting distance in kilometers for every individual calculated using Pythagoras formula on 100 meters span. Distance was considered on the interval between 0.25 and 80 km one way journey. squaredist is a squared term of commuting distance introduced in order to capture the concave profile of commuting in earning equation

Return to commuting in Sweden Description of the sample The data is (LOUISE) and Swedish National Tax Board. LOUISE: information about employment status, sources of earning, family conditions and education. Data from the Swedish National Tax Board: labor and non- labor earnings of individuals over an analyzed period. The sample – employed individuals in the age between 20 and 64 who experienced a job change in Separate analysis for males and females Students, people on parental leave and unemployed are excluded from the sample

Return to commuting in Sweden Initial assumptions for analysis Male sample One hour of commuting time which is approximately equal to 35 kilometers Hourly wage of 199 SEK (22.11 EUR) Female sample One hour of commuting time which is approximately equal to 35 kilometers Hourly wage of 174 SEK (19.33 EUR)

Return to commuting in Sw eden Results. Male sample: OLS Regression coefficients: Commuting distance coefficients of OLS is Squared term of the commuting distance divided by 100 is ̶ Conclusions: individuals receive a compensation of 31 SEK (3.44 EUR) per one hour of daily commuting. It constitutes 16 % of hourly wage. FE Regression coefficients: Commuting distance coefficients of FE is Squared term of the commuting distance divided by 100 is ̶ Conclusions: individuals receive a compensation of 17SEK (2 EUR) per one hour of daily commuting. It constitutes 8.5 % of hourly wage.

Return to commuting in Sweden Results. Female sample: OLS Regression coefficients: Commuting distance coefficient of OLS is Squared term of the commuting distance divided by 100 is ̶ Conclusions: individuals receive a compensation of 33SEK (3.66EUR) per one hour of daily commuting. It constitutes 17 % of hourly wage. FE Regression coefficients: Commuting distance coefficient of OLS is Squared term of the commuting distance divided by 100 is ̶ Conclusions: individuals receive a compensation of 14 SEK (1.5 EUR) per one hour of daily commuting. It constitutes 7.3 % of hourly wage.

Return to commuting in Sweden Firm FE Male sample Regression coefficients: Commuting distance coefficient of FE is Squared term of the commuting distance divided by 100 is ̶ Conclusions: Individuals receive a compensation of 18,54SEK (1,95EUR) per one hour of daily commuting. It constitutes 10,8 % of hourly wage. Female sample Regression coefficients: Commuting distance coefficient of FE is Squared term of the commuting distance divided by 100 is ̶ Conclusions: Individuals receive a compensation of SEK (1,83EUR) per one hour of daily commuting. It constitutes 9,34 % of hourly wage.

Return to commuting in Sweden Wage growth model Male sample Regression coefficients: Commuting distance coefficient is Conclusions: Individuals who commute one hour per day have 0.4% higher earnings growth rate Female sample Regression coefficients: Commuting distance coefficient is Conclusions: Individuals who commute one hour per day have 0.2% higher earnings growth rate

Return to commuting in Sweden Conclusions Results demonstrates similar relative return to commuting for men and woman The results are somewhat lower than in the previous studies In line with the theory of bargaining power that suggests this return to be between 0 and 30% Limitations Separated hourly wages and labor supply patterns would improve the picture of efficient job-search process/bargaining power process Introduction of commuting expenses would allow to estimate Net return to commuting

Thank you to your attention Author: Sergii Troshchenkov