Urinary System Vocabulary

Catheterization The process of inserting a flexible tube into a body cavity, such as the urinary tract, for the purpose of removing fluid

Cystitis- Inflammation of the bladder

Cystoscope- Instrument used to visually examine the bladder

Cystoscopy- Process of visually examining the bladder

Glomerulonephritis- Inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney

Lithotripsy- Surgical crushing of kidney stones using procedures such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

Meatotomy- Process of cutting into the urethral meatus

Nephrolithiasis- Kidney stones

Nephropathy- Disease of the kidney

Hydronephrosis- Accumulation of fluid in the renal pelvis due to the obstruction of the normal urinary pathway

Pyelogram- Record of the ureter and kidney

Pyelonephritis- Inflammation of the kidney pelvis and kidney

Ureteral- Pertaining to the ureter

Ureterostomy- New opening between the ureter and abdominal wall

Transurethral- Performed through the urethra

Uremia- Accumulation of waste products in the blood due to loss of kidney function; azotemia

Urologist-

Speacialist in the study of the urinary system in females and the urinary and reproductive systems in males

Dialysis- Mechanical replacement of kidney function when the kidney is dysfunctional. Two types, hemodialysis- where blood is passed through a kidney machine for waste removal; and peritoneal dialysis- in which fluid is injected into the peritoneal cavity where then waste flow out of the blood into the fluid where than the fluid is removed.

Urinalysis- Laboratory analysis of urine

Anuria (aka suppression)- No urine formation

Bacteriuria- Bacteria in the urine

Dysuria- Painful urination

Hematuria- Blood in the urine

Nocturia- Frequent urination at night

Oliguria- Decreased urination

Proteinuria- Excessive amounts of protein in the urine; albuminuria

Pyuria- Pus in the urine

Incontinence- No control of excretory functions such as urination

Polyuria- Excretion of large amounts of urine

Polycystic kidneys- Kidney with many cysts

Abbreviations

ARF- Acute renal failure

BUN- Blood urea nitrogen (test that measures waste products)

CAPD- Continous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

CRF- Chronic renal failure

Cysto- Cystoscopic examination

GU- Genitourinary

IVP- Intravenous pyelogram

KUB- Kidney, ureter, and bladder

PKU- Phenylketonuria

QNS- Quantity not sufficient

UA- Urinalysis

UTI- Urinary tract infection