Reduced Delta and Theta Oscillations in Young Binge Drinkers during a Go/NoGo Task López-Caneda, E.¹; Correas, A.²; Carbia, C.³; González-Villar, A.³; Rodríguez Holguín, S.³, Maestú, F.²; Cadaveira, F³. ¹Neuropsychophysiology Lab, Research Center on Psychology (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal ²Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Centre of Biomedical Technology (CTB), Madrid, Spain ³Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain 3rd International Conference of the European Society for Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience (ESCAN), Porto (Portugal), June No. stimuli = two series of Duration = 100 ms Interstimulus interval = ms Go Stimuli= 50% NoGo Stimuli = 50% MATERIAL AND METHODS 72 College students in their first year of college (between years old). BDs: participants reaching a blood alcohol concentration ≥ 0.08 g/dL, at least once during the last month Go/NoGo Paradigm Participants EEG Recording 64-channel ActiCap system Digitalization rate: 500 Hz On-line filter: Hz Data Analysis  BDs appear to show weaker oscillatory neural activity in delta and theta bands as compared to age-matched controls during both response inhibition and response execution within the time window corresponding to ms poststimulus.  This finding is congruent with previous ERO studies in chronic alcoholics using visual Go/NoGo tasks, where lower delta and/or theta oscillations were reported in alcohol- dependent patients in comparison with healthy controls.  The BD pattern during youth is associated with disruptions in neural oscillations similar to those observed in subjects with alcohol dependence, who also display lower delta and theta oscillations during performance of a Go/NoGo task.  These findings are particularly valuable since they are the first evidencing that oscillatory brain activity may be a more sensitive indicator of the underlying brain anomalies in young BDs than standard ERPs. CONCLUSIONS This study was supported by the projects SPI/2010/134 and SPI/2010/051 from the Spanish Ministry of Health and Social Politics (National Plan on Drugs). Eduardo López-Caneda was supported by the SFRH/BPD/109750/2015 Postdoctoral Fellowship of the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology as well as by the Psychology Research Centre (UID/PSI/01662/2013), co-financed by FEDER through COMPETE2020 under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement (POCI FEDER ).  GROUPWOMENMENTOTAL Control BD TOTAL Event-related potentials (ERPs) Event-related oscillations (EROs) Off-line filter: Hz Epochs: -100 to 900 ms Off-line filter: Hz Epochs: -500 to 1500 ms Go/NoGo Task Go Stimuli (response execution) NoGo Stimuli (response inhibition) Go- and NoGo-P3: the largest positive peak between ms post-stimulus. Amplitude and latency values of Go- and NoGo-P3 were obtained for three regions, each including six electrodes: frontal (F3, Fz, F4, FC3, FCz, FC4), central (C3, Cz, C4, CP3, CPz, CP4) and parietal (P3, Pz, P4, PO3, POz, PO4). Mixed-model ANOVA with two between-subject factors (Group and Gender) and three within-subject factors (Condition, Region and Electrode). INTRODUCTION Time-frequency (tf) decomposition: multiplying the result of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) of the EEG by the FFT of 32 complex Morlet wavelets (created in logarithmically spaced steps from 1 to 40 Hz.) and then computing the inverse FFT of the result. Normalization: transforming the power change of each tf point to dB, relative to the mean power in the baseline interval (from -300 to -100 ms). The total power of delta (1-4 Hz) and theta (4-8 Hz) for the time window corresponding to ms poststimulus (the time range of Go- and NoGo- P3 components) was used for the statistical analysis (the same mixed-model ANOVA used for ERPs but adding Frequency as an additional within-subject factor). RESULTS BD GroupControl Group BD GroupControl Group Figure 2. Energy curves of delta and theta power during Go and NoGo conditions. Data are presented for the Fz, Cz, and Pz electrodes for Control (blue line) and BD (red line) groups. Figure 3. Time frequency-representation of Go and NoGo conditions for the Control and BD groups at Fz, Cz and Pz electrodes. Depicted on the right for each electrode and condition, can be observed the difference between the Control and BD groups. Statiscal analysis revealed that BDs showed significantly lower delta and theta power during Go and NoGo conditions compared to controls within the time range corresponding to the P3 component ( ms poststimulus). Voltage (µV) Power (dB) Figure 1. Grand average of ERPs for the Control (blue line) and BD (red line) groups during Go and NoGo conditions. Averages are presented for Fz, Cz and Pz electrodes. There was no main effect or interaction involving group or sex, neither regard to amplitude nor regard to latency. Time (ms) Go Condition NoGo Condition ERP Analysis ERO Analysis Binge drinking (BD), formally defined as the consumption of five or more drinks for men and four or more for women on the same occasion within a 2-h interval, is a highly prevalent pattern of alcohol consumption between adolescents and young people in most Western countries. Several neurofunctional and neuropsychological studies have shown that BD during adolescence and youth is associated with anomalies in neurocognitive functioning. Recently, evidence has emerged suggesting that event-related oscillations (EROs) may be a proper index of neurofunctional damage associated with alcoholism. However, there is no study to date that have evaluated the effects of BD on oscillatory brain response related to task performance. The purpose of the present study was to examine the event- related oscillations (EROs) linked to motor inhibition and execution in young binge drinkers (BDs) as compared to age-matched controls.