Retinoblastoma Retinoblastoma is a rare form of eye cancer that develops in the retina usually before the age 5

Cause In most cases the disease is caused by a mutation in the gene RB1 RB1- regulates cell growth When mutated tumors form 2 types of the mutation Deletion of the segment of chromosome 13 that has RB1 Deletion of several genes Slows growth Intellectual problems Distinct facial features Germinal Retinoblastoma Higher risk to other cancers Brain(pinealoma), bone(osteosarcoma), soft tissue, and skin(melanoma)

Inheritance Most commonly only affects one eye 1/3 get it in both When one eye is effected-> hard to tell if germinal or not 40% in germinal-> inherited Autosomal dominant No sex bias one copy-> affected 2 eyes affected 60% not germinal-> not inherited One eye is affected

Symptoms 1 st sign- white in the pupil->”cat’s eye reflex” Crossed eyes Eyes don’t point in same direction Eye pain Redness/irritation Blindness/poor vision

Diagnosis 3 main ways Retinoblastoma is diagnosed Eye exams-> doctor too see what is causing the symptoms Imaging Tests-> doctor see if the disease has affected other areas near the eye Consulting with different doctors-> oncologist cancer doctor

Treatment If detected early-> curable If not treated fast-> spreads-> life threatening Treatments include: Chemotherapy, laser therapy, radiation therapy Cold, Heat Treatments Surgery Removal of affect eye-> implant ->fake eye

Summary! Retinoblastoma A cancer of the eye Can be inherited Autosomal dominant Least common Not inherited Most common Can be in one eye or both eyes Needs to be detected early or it will be life threatening Can be treated through therapies, treatments, or surgery

Works Cited oblastoma/ oblastoma/