2007 Emissions Inventory

Topics First emissions inventory under Clean Air Action Plan (CAAP) Emissions inventory methodology Cargo throughput changes Conclusion: Although cargo volume increased, emissions declined–in just the first year of CAAP

Key Air Quality Factors Green Port Policy adopted January 2005 CAAP adopted November 2006 to cut emissions at least 45% by 2012 The 2007 emissions inventory captures impacts of early CAAP measures State’s vessel auxiliary engine low-sulfur fuel rule became effective in January 2007

What We’ve Been Working On Developed methodology with Port of Los Angeles Coordinated with regulatory agencies Analyzed 2007 data Estimated greenhouse gas emissions Validated results & compared to 2005

Cargo Activity 2005 vs Activity Change Vessel Calls3,1662,700-15% Containerships1,3841,358-2% TEUs6,709,8187,312,6459% Average TEUs/Call4,8485,38411% Fewer ship calls Larger vessels More cargo containers per ship call

Changes from 2005 to 2007 Changes due to: –Agency emission estimating methods –Better data Estimation of greenhouse gas emissions

How to Compare 2007 to 2005? Inventory = activity record + estimating methodology If methodology changed in 2007, then we re-estimated 2005 activity records using 2007 methodologies Important to note: Activity for 2005 was not adjusted

Emissions, All Sources,2007 vs TEUs increased 9% NOx and CO increased but less than TEUs Diesel particulate matter (DPM) declined 21%.

Comparison 2007 to 2005 Greenhouse gases increased, but not as fast as cargo volume

Vessel Emissions 2007 vs Particulate matter declined substantially Low-sulfur fuel Green flag vessel-speed reduction

Truck Emissions 2007 vs With more cargo, truck emissions increased although low-sulfur fuel cut SOx Clean Trucks Program, beginning October 2008, will reduce truck emissions 80% by 2012

Harbor Craft Emissions With more cargo, harbor craft emissions increased although low-sulfur fuel cut SOx

Yard Equipment Emissions Cargo-handling equipment produced lower emissions, especially SOx, with use of low-sulfur fuel

Train Emissions Cargo is shifting from trucks to trains, which reduces emissions But more rail cargo is increasing train emissions

Emissions per TEU Increased efficiency With better technology and cleaner fuels, cargo activities are producing less air pollution per unit of cargo

Next Steps Briefings on the 2007 Emissions Inventory Collect data for 2008 Emissions Inventory Finalize Rubber Tire Gantry (RTG) crane load factor study New rail methodology with better rail activity data Continue coordination with air agencies

Summary Port-wide particulate matter (PM), hydrocarbons (HC), and sulfur monoxide (SOx) emissions decreased in 2007 from 2005 levels despite a 9% increase in TEUs Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) emissions only increased 1% from 2005 Ocean-Going Vessels, the leading source of most port air pollutants, decreased emissions with increased compliance with Vessel-Speed Reduction Green Flag Program, fuel-efficient slide valves, and switching to cleaner fuel

More Summary SOx emissions decreased for all source categories due to use of Ultra-Low-Sulfur Diesel in 2007 Rail and truck emissions increased with cargo increases, except for SOx emissions Reduced truck gate idling due to PierPASS off-peak gates

More Improvements Are Coming Clean Air Action Plan –PHL Operating Agreement –Clean Trucks Program –Vessel Speed Reduction –Vessel Fuel Incentive –Technology Advancement Program Green Leases CARB Regulations –Cargo-Handling Equipment –Ocean-Going Vessels –Harbor Craft –Drayage Trucks