HIV Epidemic in Malaysia

HIV BY AGE GROUPS - MALAYSIA

HIV transmission patterns vary between between Peninsula and East Malaysia. In the Peninsula, trends follow the national IDU driven epidemic (high notification rates in the east coast states) while transmission is mostly sexual in East Malaysia.

 Notification rates:  Number of cases detected:  2002: 28.5 cases per 100,000 population  2009: 10.8 cases per 100,000 population  Based on total screened:  2002: 0.82% 2009: 0.25%  Increased screening coverage from almost 673,000 in 2000 to over 1.21 million in 2009 Groups that receive routine HIV screening Women receiving ANC in government facilities Blood donors Inmates in Drug Rehabilitation Centres High risk prison inmates i.e. drug users, sex workers Confirmed TB cases STI cases Patients with suspected clinical symptoms Traced contacts of confirmed persons with HIV Premarital couples Migrant workers Participants of harm reduction programmes

 Concentrated epidemic:  Low prevalence (<0.5%) among general population  High (>5%) in pockets of population in groups identified as having higher risk behaviour profile  Injecting drug users  Sex workers and their clients  Men who have sex with men  Transgender population  Shift of transmission mode from a predominantly injecting drug use to increasingly more sexual transmission of HIV Risk factor Injecting Drug Use60.4%74.7%55.2% Sexual Transmission5.2%18.8%32.0% Heterosexual Homosexual 4.8% 0.4% 17.6% 1.2% 26.7% 5.3%

MDG 6 : Have halted and reverse HIV transmission by 2015 Malaysia target (2015) : Notification rate at 11/100,000 population HIV/AIDS 2009 : 9 cases per day Everyday 8 new cases 7 Male : 2 Female 6 sharing needles 3 sexual exposure 75.0% : 20 – 39 yrs 70.0% : heterosexual WOMEN AND HIV (2000 – 2008) 60.0% : Married40.0% : Housewife HIV / AIDS, MDG & ACHIEVEMENT

PREVENTION OF MOTHER TO CHILD HIV TRANSMISSION PROGRAM

HAART (Adult) in Malaysia (cumulative) Patients Note : End 2009 – 541 paediatric cases on ART