WAY BACK WEDNESDAY! (GEE Prep) Catalyst – February 8*3, 2010 HW OUT 1) The most important nonspecific defense against pathogens is your a. Tears b. Mucus.

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Al Si Ne Li He P H Periodic Table Basics Be O Mg F Na N B C Cl

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WAY BACK WEDNESDAY! (GEE Prep) Catalyst – February 8*3, 2010 HW OUT 1) The most important nonspecific defense against pathogens is your a. Tears b. Mucus c. Saliva d. Skin 2) The swelling and pain associated with an inflammatory response are caused by a. Secretion of antibodies b. Expansion of local blood vessels c. Secretion of antigens d. White blood cells destroying bacteria 3) A protein that helps other cells resist viral infection is a. Interferon b. Penicillin c. Predispose d. Histamine 4) A substance that triggers the specific defenses of the immune system is a (n) a. Antibody b. Antigen c. B cell d. Pathogen

Today’s Agenda  Catalyst  Graphing ABCs and Practice  Atomic Size – Figure out the trends with graphs!  Work Time  Exit Question (2 nd Period: GEE Time) HOMEWORK: ATOMIC SIZE GEE PACKET DUE FRIDAY! TEST CORRECTIONS DUE FRIDAY!

Today’s Objectives  SWBAT graph like a rock star!  SWBAT determine the periodic trends for atomic size.

Front DoorProjector 2nd Period Group 3 Tyler, Johneisha, Montronique, Marlon Group 2 Quincy, Akiya, Shante, Howard Group 1 Annquinette, Sedric, Keiara, Josh D. Group 6 Angel, Erica, Josh T., Kayla Group 5 Chris, Brandi, Durand, Angelica Group 9 Lashannia, Heidi, Jeremiah, Jacob Group 8 J’nae, George, Tierra Group 4 Taylor, Ashley, Tracy, Alex Group 7 Johnika, Rodneisha K., LaRatio

Front DoorProjector 4th Period Group 3 Kendall, Stephen, Darneisha, Brittney Group 2 Chasity, Adam, Jamal, Cornell Group 1 Raven, Desmond, Holloway, Martha Group 6 Jeanette, Selena, Quoc, Thuy Group 5 Deston, Mankisha, Katie, Treshon Group 4 Kevin, Tatiyaan, Arthur, Brhea Group 9 Haley, Frank, Taylor Group 8 Wilbert, Kenisha, Jarion Group 7 Celeste, Hannah, Jemeca

Front DoorProjector 5th Period Group 3 Gina, Timberly, Jesse, Jasmine Group 2 Natosha, James, Ida, Felix Group 1 Stephon, Paul, Tyler, Chyna Group 6 Mikell, Justin, Breonne, Chassidy Group 5 Rikki, Aujuan, Jandolyn, Breionna H. Group 4 Mason, Brianna M.M Nathan, Mario Group 9 Group 8 Qiana, De’Jonel, Desman Group 7 Maghan, Granville, J’Don, Dominique

On to the real stuff!  GRAPHS AND CHARTS are ALL OVER the GEE and ACT  Being able to interpret them is a skill you need to DOMINATE these tests!  Many newspapers and magazines will put data in different kinds of texts and you need to practice how to read them!

Why do scientists use graphs?  To organize, compare, and display experimental data  To make calculations and predictions

Old Notes on Graphing…  When looking at a graph, always determine: 1. What question was the scientist was trying to answer? 2. What conclusions can be made from the graph? 3. What future experiments could be done?

What the Chemistry Studs need to say to Mr. LY’s Classes….

How to Graph (Copy steps down!) Key Point #1: To graph…  Label axes (x = IV, y = DV)  Title graph (y-axis vs. x-axis)  Determine scales (using data ranges)  Plot each point (x,y)  Draw trend line (line of best fit) (use a ruler)

Review!  Valence electrons are…?  Electrons in the outermost energy level

Graph One – Practice!  Number of Valence Electrons vs. Family on the Periodic Table  What’s the x-axis?  What’s the y-axis?  Let’s make a table of data first!

Valence Electrons vs. Family Family on the Periodic Table (x-axis) Number of Valence Electrons (y-axis) Alkali Metals (1) Alkaline Earth Metals (2) Boron’s Group (13) Carbon’s Group (14) Nitrogen’s Group (15) Oxygen’s Group (16) Halogens (17) Noble Gases

What is Atomic Size?  Atomic size is…  How big an atom is  Also known as atomic radius radius

Graphing Atomic Size (Radii)  Draw 2 line graphs (one with Ms. Stroh, one totally on your own!)  x-axis: Element  y-axis: Atomic Radius (picometers)

Elements and their Atomic Radii Element (x-axis) Atomic Radius (picometers) (y-axis) Hydrogen37 Lithium152 Sodium186 Potassium227 Rubidium248 Cesium265 1 picometer = 1 x m Element (x-axis) Atomic Radius (picometers) (y-axis) Lithium152 Beryllium112 Boron85 Carbon77 Nitrogen75 Oxygen73 Fluorine72 Neon71 12

How to make a good scale?? 1. Determine the smallest and the biggest number in the data set (data range)  In Table 1, these numbers are 37 and Count the number of lines available on graph paper  In this case, we have??? 3. Make a break if data is FAR AWAY from zero! 4. Divide the data range into even intervals  Go by 1s, 2s, 5s, 10s, 50s, 100s, etc…  You want numbers that can easily be divided into parts (halves, thirds, fourths)

Atomic Size – Graph 1 Li HNaKRbCs

Atomic Size – Graph 2 Li BeBCNOF Ne

What trend(s) do you notice?

Atomic size DECREASES as you go left to right across the PT Atomic size INCREAESES as you go down the PT

Atomic Size Trend Key Point #2: Atomic size increases as you go down the periodic table and decreases as you go left to right across the periodic table.

Practice Problems  Rank the following elements in order of increasing atomic size based on location on the periodic table (smallest to biggest) Fr, Sc, P, Pd F, As, Tl, S P, Sc, Pd, Fr Fluorine, Sulfur, Arsenic, Thallium

Practice Time! 1. T or F? Atomic size decreases as you move right across the periodic table. 2. T or F? As you move down the Periodic Table, atoms get smaller. 3. Rank the following sets of elements in order of increasing atomic size (small  big). Set A: Bh, Mn, Re, TcSet B: Sb, I, Ag, Ru Set C: Y, Ti, Sg, Ta 4. Rank the following sets of elements in order of decreasing atomic size (big  small). Set A: Cl, At, I, F, BrSet B: Te, Xe, Sn, In Set C: Rb, K, Sr, Ca

Add to BACK of Homework Paper!  Copy the following table onto your paper and graph the data   Use a ruler to make straight axis lines! Study Time (minutes) Score on Test (Percentage)

Exit Question 1. What is atomic radius? 2. Why does Phosphorus have a larger atomic radius than Nitrogen? 3. Why does Fluorine have a smaller atomic radius than Lithium?