Naming Organic Compounds S Freeman

General naming rules 1.Identify the functional group(s) in the compound and link with the suffix for the name. Functional groupSuffix C-C-ane C=C-ene C C-yne -OH-anol -COOH-anoic acid

2. Count the carbon atoms in the longest carbon chain that includes the functional group. Give a prefix to the name as follows: Number of C ‘sPrefix 1meth- 2eth- 3prop- 4but- 5pent- 6hex- 7hept- 8oct-

3. Note the position of the functional group on the longest C chain counting from the closest end and put this number in the right place for that homologous series. Homologous seriesPosition of number alkenebut-1-ene alkynebutan-2-yne alcoholpentan-3-ol Note: The carboxyl group is always on an end carbon in carboxylic acids so it’s position does not have to be noted.

4. Note the size and position of any branches off the longest C chain (1C methyl, 2C ethyl, 3C propyl). Add this on as a further prefix to the name. e.g. H CH 3 H H H H – C – C – C – C – C – H H H H OH H 4-methylpentan-2-ol Remember: Keep numbering from the same end the functional group is closest to.

Naming haloalkanes Haloalkanes contain one or more halogen atoms. The position of the halogen is noted, followed by a prefix for the halogen atom involved (F – fluoro, Cl – chloro, Br – bromo, I – iodo) and lastly the rest of the name as for an alkane. e.g. H H H H H – C – C – C – C – H H Br H H 2-bromobutane

Two or more of the same… If the compound has 2, 3 or 4 of the same branch or halogen group, indicate this with, for example, dimethyl (2) or triiodo (3) or tetrabromo (4) etc. What would 2,2-dimethyl propane look like?

Phew, only 8 carbons… You will only be asked to name compounds containing up to 8 C atoms. The End