 If in major – still sounds major – sub dominant or dominant  If in major - sounds minor – relative minor  If in minor – sounds major – relative major

 Imitation – direct repeat of the melody – normally in a different instrument if played in an orchestra  Sequence – a repeating pattern moving up or down by step/small leap.  Pedal – sustained high or low note from the chord.  Ostinato – repeated pattern  Riff – repeated melody used in pop music

 SYNCOPATION

 Arco (bow)  Pizzicato (plucking)  Tremolo (shaking)  Mute (brass)  Distortion/reverb/sustain/slide (electric guitar)

 By scalic (step) – ascending/descending  By arpeggio (leap) - ascending/descending  Broken chord/triad

 Trill  Mordent  Acciaccatura  Appoggiatura

 Diatonic (sounds nice)  Chromatic (a bit of clashing)

 Major (happy)  Minor (sad)

 Perfect – V-1 – sounds finished  Imperfect – I-V – sounds unfinished  Plagal – IV-I – amen – sounds like your in a church

 3 or 4  Chords I IV V

 4 or 8  Count to 2/3/4, which feels right and falls at the beginning of the melody?

 Ooing  Scat singing  Imitation of melody  Call and response

 Pp – very soft  P – soft  Mp – moderately soft  Mf – moderately loud  F – loud  Ff – loud  < - getting louder (crescendo)  > - getting quieter (diminuendo)

 Monophonic  Homophonic  Polyphonic  Melody and accompaniment  Antiphonal  Canon

 Largo – (40-60bpm)  Adagio – (66-76 bpm)  Andante – ( bpm)  Moderato – ( bpm)  Allegro – ( bpm)  Vivace – ( bpm)  Accel – getting faster  Rit (rall) – getting slower

 Sitar  Drone  Acciaccatura  Pitch bend  Flute  dhol

 NEVER write DRUM!!!!!  Side drum  Bass drum  Djembe  Congo  Bongo  Timpani  Drum kit

 NEVER write guitar  Bass guitar  Electric guitar  Acoustic guitar  Lead guitar  Rhythm guitar

 If it sounds like blues music and you have a 12 bar blues to circle, circle it  If its unaccompanied – a cappella