NON - CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SOURCE BY KANSAGRA .P. MAULIK (10W91A0227), SHARAD DWIVEDI (10W91A0254), Department of EEE, MALLA REDDY INSTITUTE OF ENGG AND TECHNOLOGY.

INTRODUCTION As the requirement of power is increasing day to day. Hence large amount of power is to be generated. At present India is the sixth largest country in the world in electricity generation. India having an aggregate generating capacity of (1,81,558.12 MW ) out of which

WHAT IS NON – CONVENTIONAL ENERGY ? The sources of energy which are being produced continuously in nature and are in exhaustible are called renewable source of energy (or) non – conventional energy sources. Some of these sources are: (1) Bio – Mass (2) Solar Energy (3) Tidal Energy (4) Wind Energy

BIO - MASS Bio - mass is the biological material, mainly derived from the living organisms or recently living organisms this includes plants , animals and there by - product. Different types of bio - mass includes (1) Sugar Cane Trash . (2) Rice Husk , Straw. (3) Coconut Husk , Shells. (4) Municipal Waste. (5) Animal Solid Waste.

SOURCE CHARACTERISTICS SUGAR CANE TRASH 1 TON of sugar cane = 290 KG cane trash 1 TON of cane trash = 345 Kwh

(CONT...) PADDY HUSK 1 TON of paddy = 290 KG of straw 290 KG of straw = 100 Kwh RICE HUSK 1 TON of rice = 220 KG of husk 220 KG of rice husk = 410 - 500 Kwh

(CONT...) COCONUT HUSK and SHELLS 1 NUT = 0.5 Kg out of which 60 % is considered to be husk .

(CONT...) MUNCIPAL WASTE About 100 – 200 M3 of gas is produced per ton of waste dumped (50 - 60 % of methane). ANIMAL SOLID WASTE It is also very important source that can be used for heating in biomass power plant.

LAY- OUT OF BIO MASS POWER PLANT

ADVANTAGES OF BIO – MASS. The biomass is abundant in nature and is a renewable source of energy. Source of energy is very cheap. With an estimated production of 400 million ton of source characteristics available for biomass it is capable of supplementing coal, oil. The level of air pollutants can be controlled and reduced by Ethanol. The biomass absorbs carbon dioxide during its growth so on the whole there is no addition in the quantity of green house gas.

DISADVANTAGES The cost of the plant will be more. Collecting sufficient quantities of waste can be difficult. Causes air pollution, although only a very little. The smell from the biomass power plant will be bad.

applications .

The energy received form the sun is called solar energy.

why SOLAR ENERGY ? It is the most readily available source of energy. Earth surface receives 182 peta-watts (PW) of energy from sun. The energy supplied by the sun in one hour is almost equal to the amount of energy required by the human population in one year. India has a desert area of 2,08,227 sq.km (approx.) from Gujarat and Rajasthan, only if 15,000 sq.km is used for converting solar energy to electricity even then 3,00,000 MW of power can be generated.

Conversion of solar energy to electricity This can be achieved a.) directly by using photo-voltaic (PV). b.) indirectly by using concentrated solar power. Amongst photo voltaic are generally preferred as the energy is directly generated.

advantages solar power is renewable (we can use as much as we can today, and there's still plenty coming tomorrow). Non-polluting, eco friendly. Free  except for capital expenses. Low maintenance - solar panels require very little upkeep. Longevity - solar panels can last over thirty years.

disadvantages  The major disadvantage of solar power or solar energy is the cost of the photovoltaic panels . If u were to build it on the ground, the cost will be higher ( for massive area of land ). Only areas of the world with lots of sunlight are suitable for solar power generation. 

APPLICATIONS OF SOLAR ENERGY Solar electric generation. Solar Lighting Solar Cars Solar water heaters Solar cookers Solar ponds

BUILDING INTEGRATED PHOTO VOLTAIC (BIPV)

conclusion It is better to use non – conventional energy sources for over coming power crisis in a developing country. It is very much useful technique to decrease our dependence on fossil fuels.

REFERENCE Non - Conventional Energy Sources - GD.R A I Electrical India Magazine. http:// www . google.co.in http:// www . wikipedia.com

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