Wind The movement of air.

What causes wind? Caused by: –Heat flow (difference in temperatures) –Pressure differences Cooler air is more dense than warm air.

Pressure gradient Wind blows from High to Low pressure. The greater the difference between H and L the stronger the wind.

Types of wind Breezes –Water temperature differences causes wind. (specific heat differences) –Wind is named for where it came from.

Breezes (draw this)

Breezes Land breezes –Air rises off the water condenses into clouds forcing air down onto the land. –Usually at night. Sea Breezes –Air rises off the land forming clouds forcing air down over the water. –Usually during the day.

Coriolis Effect- deflection of an object moving above the earth, rightward in the Northern Hemisphere and leftward in the Southern Hemisphere.

Coriolis Effect This is the idea that because the Earth is round and rotates daily there is a force that curves wind. DRAW Right in the North Left in the South

Coriolis (GLOBE)

Prevailing Wind This is the direction the wind normally moves at the surface. (average direction) In NY it is from the North West, in Florida it is from the North East.

Dry = High Low= Wet Right in north Left in south High to low

Diagram Rules –Winds blows from high to low pressure –Winds curve to the RIGHT in Northern Hemisphere –Winds curve to the LEFT in the Southern Hemisphere. –Wet means Low pressure –Dry means High pressure Look at page 14 of your ESRT

ESRT pg 14

Jet Stream The Jet stream is a flow of air that flows in the upper atmosphere. Do not follow surface winds but they do effect the movement of storm systems.

Measuring Wind Wind is the flow of air. –Always blows from HIGH to LOW We measure it with an anemometer.

ESRT pg 4

El Niño South Pacific ocean currents normally flow clockwise. During an El Nino event the currents change to counterclockwise.